X:t 


TEEASUHL  ROOM 


George  Washiyigtoyi  Flowers 
Memorial  Collection 

DUKE  UNIVERSITY  LIBRARY 


ESTABLISHED  BY  THE 

FAMILY  or 

COLONEL  FLOWERS 


ry^:f'i^^^^iy^/. 


>Vv<-^S.^V.      '^'"^      ^v»»%  .<; 


\ 


THE 


€Q\\U)itx'dt  states  of  ^.lucrica 

IN    PROPHECY. 


BY 


THE    REV.    W.    H.    SEAT, 

OF   THE   TEXAS   CONFERENCE. 


PRINTED    FOR    THE    AUTHOR, 

AT    THE 

SOUTHERN  METHODIST  PUBLISHING  HOUSE. 
1861. 


Digitized  by  tlie  Internet  Arcliive 
in  2010  witli  funding  from 
Dul<e  University  Libraries 


littp  ://www.arch  ive  .0  rg/detai  Is/co  nf  ede  ratestateOOseat 


CONTENTS. 


Preface Page  v 

CHAP.  I THE  FOUR  GRE.\T  MONARCHIES. 

Babylonian  empire — Medo-Persiaa  empire — Grecian 
or  Macedonian  empire — Roman  empire — Ten  toes  and 
ten  horns — Little  horn — Iron-  and  clay — Reconstruc- 
tion of  the  Roman    empire 7 

> 
CHAP.  II.— THE  UNITED  STATES. 

The  closing  symbols  in  the  visions  agree — The  mount- 
ain with  the  Ancient  of  days — The  stone  with  the 
one  like  the  Son  of  man — Tlie  te.\t — Bishop  Newton — 
Civil  governments — Tenor  of  the  visions — Necessi- 
ties of  the  case — The  Ancient  of  days  not  God  in 
person,  in  nature,  in  revelation,  in  providence,  but 
in  government — Stone  not  the  Church — Date — 
Baldwin — Conflict  with  despotism;  from  without; 
sudden — Takes  the  place  of  the  despotism  it  destroys 
— Called  a  ''kingdom" — Dr.  Clarke's  exposition — Dr. 
Baldwin's — Haimonyof   the  visions 23 

CHAP.  III.— THE  UNITED  STATES— CONTINUED. 

The  mountain  and  the  Ancient  identified  with  tlio 
mountain  of  the  Lord's  house,  or  Israel  restored — 
The  typical  system — The  church — The  state — Israel 

(iii) 


359330 


iV  CONTENTS. 

restored    not    spiritiuilly — not  literally — but  in  the 
antitype Page  42 

CHAP.  IV.— THE  UNITED  STATES— CONTINUED. 

The  Fifth  Kingdom  the  United  States — Proofs  presump- 
tive and  direct — United  States  probably  in  prophecy 
— Her  extent,  growth,  power,  a  Free  Nationality — 
Date  of  the  Fifth  Power— Judges — The  Little  Horn 
— Outside  the  Roman  Empire 53 

CHAP,  v.— THE  CONFEDERATE  STATES. 

The  closing  symbols  represent  the  Confederate  States 
— The  stone  cut  out  of  the  mountain — without 
hands — Isa.  Ixvi.  7,  8. — Isa.  ii.,  iii.,  iv. — The  moun- 
tain of  the  house  of  the  Lord — The  trouble  of  Zion 
— The  seven  women — Micah  iv.,  v. — The  mountain 
of  the  house — The  remnant — The 'first  dominion — 
The  birth  of  the  Savior — Birth  of  the  man  child — 
Seven  shepherds,  and  eight  principal  men — The 
war 80 

CHAP.  VI.— THE  CONFEDERATE  STATES— CONTINUED. 

Zechariah's  prophecies — Division  of  the  Union — Bor- 
der States  as  the  slain  shepherds — The  eleven  States 
as  "the  third" — The  divided  mountain — Ezek.  xxxiv. 
— The  gathered  flock  judged  and  divided — Isa.  Ixv. 
11-16 — The  Northern  Army — The  American  Flag — 
Division — Contrast — One  like  the  Son  of  man — 
Character  of  the  government — How  established — 
AVhen  it  appears 108 

Conclusion 133 


^rtfiuc. 


This  little  book  contains  no  adequate  discus- 
sion of  the  subject  of  which  it  treats,  but  rather 
an  exposition  of  the  grand  prophetic  visions  re- 
corded in  Dan.  ii.  and  vii.,  as  corroborated  and 
explained  by  other  prophecies  of  the  Old  Testa- 
ment Scriptures.  Our  object  has  been,  in  dis- 
coursing and  lecturing  during  a  hurried  and 
laborious  tour  through  the  Confederate  States, 
and  is  now,  in  the  publication  of  this  little  work, 
to  call  attention  to  the  subject,  and,  if  not  to  con- 
vince, at  least  induce  a  more  careful  examination 
of  the  prophecies,  and  prepare  the  mind  for  such 
manifestations  of  the  truth,  as  Providence  may 
furnish  in  the  events  of  the  future. 

It  may  be  thought  that  too  much  space  is  oc- 
cupied with  the  United  States  in  prophecy;  but 
there  is  such  an  intimate  connection  between  the 
fifth  and  sixth  symbols  in  the  visions,  as  to  ren- 
der the  clear  identification  of  the  fifth  essential. 

It  is  hardly  necessary  to  acknowledge  indebted- 
ness to  Dr.  Baldwin,  as  to  this  department,  in 
view  of  the  references  to,  and  quotations  from 

S5933Q 


Vi  PREFACE. 

Lis  book,  to  be  found  in  tbe  discussion  itself, 
though  we  have  endeavored  to  extend  and 
strengthen  the  argument.  We  differ  with  him, 
as  the  reader  will  see,  in  the  application  of  the 
symbols.  We  have  endeavored  to  show  that  the 
United  States  were  not  only  "the  Ancient  of 
days,"  but  also  'Hhe  mountain."  When  this  is 
fully  made  out,  the  identification  of  the  Confed- 
erate States  as  the  sixth  power,  or  the  stone  cut 
out  of  the  mountain,  is  easy,  and  even  necessary. 
The  book  is  given  to  the  public,  not  because 
an  ingenious  theory  could  be  framed  suitable  to 
the  prejudices  and  wishes  of  our  people,  but  be- 
cause we  believe  these  things  to  be  true,  and 
that  if  true  they  ought  to  be  understood. 

The  work  has  been,  under  the  pressure  of  cir- 
cumstances, hastily  written  and  passed  through 
the  press,  and  is  not  as  thorough  in  some  of  its 
discussions,  or  as  perspicuous  in  style,  as  could  be 
desired.  For  its  blemishes  and  defects,  the 
reader's  indulgence  is  craved.  It  is  given  to 
the  public  with  the  earnest  prayer  that  the  Di- 
vine blessing  may  be  upon  it,  as  an  humble  at- 
tempt to  unfold  his  providence  and  his  Word. 

Nashville,  October  1,  1861. 


THE 


Coiiftbtote  SWcs  ill  ^ro|^tcg» 


CHAPTER  I. 

THE  FOUR  GREAT  MONARCHIES. 

Babylonian  empire — Medo-Persian  empire — Greciaa 
or  Macedonian  empire — Roman  empire — Ten  toes  and 
ten  horns — Little  horn— Iron  and  clay — Reconstrud- 
tion  of  the  Roman  empire. 

The  vision  of  Nebuchadnezzar,  and  the  first 
of  Daniel's  visions,  recorded  respectively^  in  the 
second  and  seventh  chapters  of  the  book  of  Daniel, 
furnish,  it  is  believed,  the  key  to  the  leading  na- 
tional and  political  prophecies,  both  of  the  Old 
and  New  Testament  Scriptures. 

The  identity  in  meaning  of  these  vivsions  is  en- 
tirely apparent.  Dr.  Clarke  says  of  the  first  vision 
of  Daniel,  "This  dream  is  the  same  in  meaning, 
under  different  emblems,  as  that  of  Nebuchad- 
nezzar's metallic  image  ;  but  in  Daniel's  dream 
several  circumstanees  are  added."  Scott  also 
declares,  "It  contains  for  substance  the  same 
prophetical    intimations   with    Nebuchadnezzar's 

(7) 


8  THE   CONFEDERATE   STATES 

dream,  but  under  different  allusions,  and  with 
many  additional  circumstances."  .Bishop  Newton 
says,  ''What  was  revealed  unto  Nebuchadnezzar 
in  the  second  year  of  his  reign  concerning  the 
four  great  empires  of  the  world,  was  again  re- 
vealed unto  Daniel,  (chap,  vii.,)  with  some  en- 
largements and  additions,  in  the  first  year  of 
Belshazzar,  that  is,  about  eight  and  forty  years 
afterwards.'^  This  identity  will  more  fully  ap- 
pear as  we  proceed  in  the  investigation. 

We  invite  attention  to  these  four  great  succes- 
sive empires,  in  the  order  in  which  they  appear 
in  the  visions.  In  Nebuchadnezzar's  vision  they 
are  represented  as  a  great  metallic  image,  consist- 
ing of  four  sections ;  in  Daniel's  vision,  as  four 
successive  beasts. 

I.    THE    BABYLONIAN    OR    CHALDEAN  EMPIRE. 

The  description  is  thus:  "This  image's  head 
was  of  fine  gold."  (ii.  32.)  "  The  first  (beast)  was 
like  a  lion,  and  had  eagle's  wings ;  and  I  beheld 
till  the  wings  were  plucked,  and  it  was  made  to 
stand  upon  the  feet  as  a  man,  and  a  man's  heart 
was  given  to  it.  (vii.  4.)  That  these  symbols 
represent  the  empire  of  Babylon  all  interpreters 
of  prophecy  agree.  This  is,  indeed,  positively 
fixed  by  the  prophet,  who,  addressing  Ncbuchad- 


IN   PROPHECY.  9 

Tiezzar  as  king  of  Babylon,  says,  ^^Thou  art  tliis 
head  of  gold."  The  head  of  gold,  the  likeness 
to  a  lion,  the  king  of  beasts,  with  wings  of  an 
eagle,  the  king  of  birds,  signify  the  wealth  and 
glory  of  this  monarchy.  The  '' eagle's  wings'' 
denote  rapidity  of  conquest,  together  with  the 
addition  of  other  governments  to  the  central  one, 
and  thus  the  formation  of  an  extended  empire. 
^'The  wings  were  plucked,  and  it  was  lifted  up 
from  the  earth;"  or,  as  Grotius  explains  it,  ^'the 
wings  thereof  were  plucked,  wherewith  it  was 
lifted  up  from  the  earth,"  denoting  cessation  of 
conquests,  together  with  the  loss  of  some  already 
made,  as  Lydia,  Media,  and  Persia,  and  general 
diminution  of  national  territory  and  strength, 
until  the  empire  was  overthrown  by  the  Medes 
and  Persians.  The  pride  of  Nebuchadnezzar  was 
humbled,  and  the  people  became,  after  their  con- 
quests were  over,  rather  after  the  fall  of  the  em- 
pire, more  humane;  which  may  be  signified  ac- 
cording to  Newton,  by  the  phrase  ''a  man's  heart 
was  given  unto  it."  (Verse  4.) 

II.    THE    MEDO-PERSIAN   EMPIRE. 

This  is  described  as  ^Hhe  breast  and  arms  of 
silver"  in  the  great  image,  (ii,  32,)  and  in  the 
succession  of  beasts  as  being  'Mike  to  a  bear,  and 


10  THE   CUNFEDERATE    STATES 

it  raised  itself  up  ou  one  side,  and  it  had  three 
ribs  in  the  mouth  of  it,  between  the  teeth  of  it, 
and  they  said  unto  it,  Arise  and  devour  much 
flesh/'  (vii.  5.) 

The  silver  in  the  image  denotes  that  this  em- 
pire was  ''inferior/'  as  the  prophet  states,  to  the 
*'head  of  gold."  The  "breast  and  arras"  signify 
the  union  of  the  Medes  and  Persians  in  one  em- 
pire. Ancient  historians  stigmatize  the  Medes 
and  Persians  as  being  the  greatest  robbers  and 
spoilers  that  ever  oppressed  the  nations,  which 
inay»serve  to  explain  the  fact  of  their  being  com- 
pared to  a  bear.  "Raised  itself  on  one  side," 
may  point  to  its  elevation  to  supreme  power  by 
Cyrus,  as  representing  the  Persians.  "Three 
ribs  in  the  mouth  of  it,"  may  point  out  the  king- 
doms of  Babylon,  Lydia,  and  Egypt,  which  were 
oppressed  by  it.  Its  cruelty  and  extent  of  con- 
quests are  signified  by  its  "devouring  much 
flesh." 

III.    THE    GRECIAN    OR    MACEDONIAN    EMPIRE. 

This  empire  supplanted  and  succeeded  the 
Medo-Persian,  as  that  had  overthrown  and  suc- 
ceeded the  Babylonian,  and  is  necessarily  the 
third  in  order.  It  is  represented  in  the  image 
as  "the  belly  and  thighs  of  brass/'  (ii.  32,)  and 


4 


^ 


IN  PROPHECY.  11 

in  Daniel's  vision  as  a  "beast  like  a  leopard,  and 
it  had  four  wings  of  a  fowl ;  the  beast  also  had 
four  heads ;  and  dominion  was  given  to  it," 

The  brass  of  the  image  may  signify  greater 
moral  baseness  than  was  found  in  the  preceding 
empires,  and  yet  greater  capacity  for  conquest. 
Jerome  is  more  complimentary  to  the  brazen 
idea:  "For  among  all  metals,  brass  is  more  vocal 
and  tinkles  louder,  and  its  sound  is  diffused  far 
and  wide,  that  it  portended  not  only  the  fame 
and  power  of  the  kingdom,  but  also  the  eloquence 
of  the  Greek  language," 

The  "leopard,"  a  spotted  animal,  signifies  ac- 
cording to  Bochart,  the  different  manners  of  the 
nations  Alexander  commanded — a  swift  ani- 
mal, and  having  also  four  wings,  indicating 
amazing  and  unparalleled  rapidity  of  conquest. 
The  "four  heads"  denote  the  four  kingdoms  into 
which  this  third  empire  was  divided.  In  this 
division  Cassander  had  Macedon  and  Greece — - 
Lysander,  Thrace  and  Bythinia — Seleucus,  Syria 
— and  Ptolemy,  Egypt.  Of  these,  Syria  and 
Egypt  became  far  more  powerful  than  the 
others,  as  indicated  in  the  two  "thighs"  of  the 
image. 

All  writers  on  this  subject  identify  the  sections 
of  the  image,  and  the  beast  in  the  other  visions 


12  THE   CONFEDERATE   STATES 

which  we  have  noticed,  as  being  in  meaning  the 
same,  and  as  pointing  to  the  Babylonian,  Medo- 
Persian,  and  Grecian  empires. 

IV.    THE    ROMAN    EMPIRE. 

This  is  represented  in  the  vision  of  the  image 
by  the  ^'legs  of  iron,  and  his  feet  part  of  iron 
and  part  of  clay,"  which  latter  mixed  character 
is  also  given  of  the  toes  of  the  feet.  (ii.  33-42.) 
In  the  vision  of  the  beasts,  this  fourth  beast,  for 
which  no  appropriate  name   could  be  found,  is 
characterized  as   being  "dreadful   and    terrible, 
and  strong  exceedingly;  and  it  had  great  iron 
teeth :    and    it  devoured  and  brake   in    pieces, 
and  stamped   the  residue   with  the  feet   of  it : 
and   it   was    diverse   from    all   the   beasts    that 
were    before    it :     and    it   had    ten    horns.      I 
considered  the  horns,  and  there  came  up  among 
them  another  little  horn,  before  whom  there  were 
three  of  the  first  horns  plucked  up ;  and,  behold, 
in  this  horn  were  eyes  like  the  eyes  of  a  man, 
and  a  mouth  speaking  great  things/'  (vii.  7,  8.) 
As  to  the  strength  of  this  kingdom,  we  have  this 
further  explanation  given  by  Daniel  to  Nebuchad- 
nezzar :      "And    the    fourth    kingdom    shall    be 
strong  as  iron  :  forasmuch  as  iron   breaketh  in 
pieces   and    gubdueth    all    things :   and    as    iron 


IN    PROPHECY.  13 

breaketh  all  these,  shall  it  break  in  pieces  and 
bruise."     Corresponding  to  this  is  the  interpreta- 
tion given  to  Daniel  by  the  angel,  in  chap.  vii. 
<'Then  I  (Daniel)  would  know  the  truth  of  the 
fourth    beast,    which   was    diverse   from   all   the 
others,  exceeding  dreadful,  whose  teeth  were  of 
iron,  and  his   nails  of  brass;   which   devoured, 
brake  in   pieces,  and   stamped  the  residue  with 
his  feet."  (Verse  19.)     And  he  was  thus  answered 
by  the  angel :  (verse  23  ;)  ''The  fourth  beast  shall 
be  the  fourth  kingdom   upon   earth,  which  shall 
be  diverse  from  all  kingdoms,  and  shall  devour 
the   whole   earth,  and   shall   tread  it   down,  and 
break  it  in  pieces." 

The  chronology  of  the  empire  thus  described 
as  succeeding  the  Babylonian,  the  Medo-Persian, 
and  the  Macedonian,  with  the  remarkable  de- 
scription of  its  unequalled  and  resistless  power, 
as  given  in  these  visions,  would  enable  almost 
any  schoolboy  in  the  land  to  identify  it  as  the 
terrible  Roman  empire. 

"All  ancient  writers,  both  Jewish  and  Chris- 
tian,'^ says  Bishop  Newton,  "agree  with  Jerome 
in  explaining  the  fourth  kingdom  to  be  the  Ro- 
man. Poryhyry,  who  was  a  heathen  and  an 
enemy  to  Christ,  was  the  first  who  broached  the 
other  opinion,  which,  though  it  hath  been  main- 


14  THE   CONFEDERATE    STATES 

taincd  since  l>y  soiue  of  the  moderns,  is  yet  not 
only  destitute  of  authority,  but  is  even  contrary 
to  the  authority  of  both  Scripture  and  history. 
It  is  a  just  observation  of  Mr.  Mede,  who  was  as 
able  and  consummate  a  judge  as  any,  in  these 
matters:  'The  Roman  empire  to  be  the  fourth 
kingdom  of  Daniel,  was  believed  by  the  church 
t)f  Israel,  both  before  and  in  our  Saviour's  time, 
received  by  the  disciples  and  apostles,  and  the 
whole  Christian  Church  for  the  first  three  hun- 
dred years  without  any  known  contradiction,'" 
*' The  other  opinion"  referred  to,  is  the  preten- 
sion "as  absurd  as  it  is  singular,"  that  the  king- 
doms of  Syria  and  Egypt,  which  belonged  to  the 
third  kingdom,  and  are  represented  by  the  thighs 
of  brass,  constitute  the  fourth.  The  learned 
Bishop  indignantly  and  successfully  refutes  this 
absurd  theory  of  a  mere  faction  of  interpreters 
of  prophecy.  For  the  identification  of  the  Roman 
empire  as  the  fourth  kingdom  represented  in  the 
two  visions  under  consideration,  the  reader  is  re- 
ferred to  almost  any  author  who  has  written  on 
these  subjects  since  the  rise  of  that  empire. 

This  will  also  more  fully  appear  from  further 
examination  of  these  prophecies  of  the  fourth 
kingdom. 

The  two  legs  of  the  image  as  descriptive  of  the 


IN     PROPHECY.  ^^ 

Konian  empire  may  signify  the  division  of  the 
empire  into  the  eastern  and  western,  with  some 
reference  it  may  be  to  the  dual  consuUite  in  the 
earlier  period  of  its  history,  when  it  was  specially 
<' diverse  from  all  other  kingdoms"  in  having  a 
republican  form  of  government. 

THE   BROKEN    EMPIRE. 

The  "ten  toes"  of  the  image,  and  the  "ten 
horns"  of  the  beast,  which  phrases,  as  all  agree, 
have  the  same  meaning,  are  the  ten  primary  king- 
doms into  which  the  Roman  empire  was  finally 
divided.        "These     are    indeed,"     says    Scott, 
'^  reckoned  up  in  several  ways  by  different  writers, 
according  to  the  date  assigned  by  the  enumera- 
tion ;  but,  in  general  it  is  clear  that  the  principal 
kingdoms  in  Europe  at  this   day   sprung  from 
them,  and  comprise  them,  excepting  some  of  the 
more  northern  regions,  and  those  possessed  by  the 

Turks." 

The  historian  Machiavel,  Mr.  Mede,  Bishop 
Lloyd,  and  Sir  Isaac  Newton,  are  quoted  by  Bishop 
Newton,  as  calculating  the  divisions  of  the  Roman 
empire  for  different  periods,  with  the  same  result 
as  to  the  number,  ten.  The  Bishop  remarks 
further.  "  As  if  that  number  of  ten  had  been  fatal 


16  THE     CONFEDERATE     STATES 

in  the  Roman  dominions,  it  hath  been  taken 
notice  of  on  particular  occasions ;  as  about 
A.  D.  1240,  Eberard,  Bishop  of  Saltsburg,  in  the 
diet  of  Ratisbon.  At  the  time  of  the  Reforma- 
tion there  were  also  ten ;  so  that  the  Roman  em- 
pire was  divided  into  ten  in  a  manner  first  and  last. 
Mr.  Whiston  wrote  in  1706,  Hhat  as  the  num- 
ber of  the  kingdoms  into  which  the  Roman  em- 
pire in  Europe  agreeably  to  the  ancient  prophe- 
cies, was  originally  divided  A.  D.  456,  was  ex- 
actly ten,  so  it  it  is  very  nearly  returned  to  the 
same  condition/  ''  As  the  third  kingdom  was  di- 
vided into  four  parts,  so  the  fourth  was  di- 
vided into  ten.  And,  as  Sir  Isaac  Newton  says, 
*^  whatever  was  their  number  afterwards,  they  are 
still  called  the  ten  kings  from  their  first  number.'' 
Machiavel's  reckoning  of  the  ten  toes  and  the 
ten  horns  or  kingdoms,  is  thus :  First,  the 
Ostrogoths  of  Moesia;  second,  the  Visigoths,  of 
Pannonia;  third,  the  Sueves  and  Aluns  of  Gas- 
coigne  and  Spain ;  fourth,  the  Vandals  in 
Africa;  fifth,  the  Franks  in  France;  sixth,  the 
Burgundians  in  Burgundy ;  seventh,  the  Ileruli 
and  Turingi  in  Italy ;  eighth,  the  Saxons  and 
Angles  in  Britain ;  ninth,  the  Huns  in  Hungary ; 
tenth,  the  Lombards,  at  first  upon  the  Danube, 
afterwards  in  Italy. 


IN   PROPHECY.  17 

The  Little  Horn. — The  fathers  as  Irenaeus, 
St.  Cyril,  St.  Jerome,  and  others,  interpreted 
this  of  Antichrist.  Among  Protestant  writers, 
both  the  little  horn  and  Antichrist  are  under- 
stood to  mean  the  Papal  power.  The  three 
kingdoms  subdued  by  the  little  horn,  are  under- 
stood by  Scott  to  be  those  of  the  Heruli,  the 
Ostrogoths,  and  the  Lombards.  Dr.  Clarke  and 
Sir  Isaac  Newton  understand  by  them  the  Ex- 
archate of  Ravenna,  the  kingdoms  of  the  Lom- 
bards, and  the  States  of  Rome. 

The  coincidences  of  the  little  horn  with  the 
papacy  are  abundant  and  decisive.  He  is  the 
little  horn  from  the  smallness  of  his  beginning 
and  of  his  territorial  dominion.  "  He  shall  be 
diverse  from  the  rest,'^  as  being  an  ecclesiastical 
more  than  a  temporal  power.''  "  And  in  this 
horn  were  eyes  like  the  eyes  of  a  man,"  denoting 
superintendence,  cunning,  policy.  "  He  had  a 
mouth  speaking  great  things,''  full  of  boasting, 
promising  to  absolve  from  all  sins,  threatening 
with  destruction  kings  and  kingdoms,  and  all 
others  who  oppose  his  authority.  "  His  look  was 
more  stout  than  his  fellows" — the  Pope  assuming 
superiority,  not  only  over  his  fellow  bishops,  but 
over  the  kingdoms  of  the  world.  "  And  he  shall 
speak  great  words  against  the  Most  High,"  or  as 


18  THE     CONFEDERATE     STATES 

Synmiachus  haus  it,  "  he  shall  spoak  as  if  he  were 
God,"  claiming  to  be  infallible,  to  forgive  sins, 
to  be  higher  than  the  kings  of  the  earth  ;    all 
which  belong  only  to  God.      *' In   Gratian's  de- 
cretals the  Pope  hath  the  title  of  God  given  to 
him."     *' And  he  shall  wear  out  the  saints  of 
the    Most  High,"   by  wara^  massacres,  and  in- 
quisitions, persecuting  and  destroying  the  faith- 
ful servants  of  Jesus,  and  the  true  worshippers 
of  God  who  protest  against  his  innovations,  and 
refuse  to  comply  with  the  idolatry  practiced  by 
the  Church  of  Rome;    as  Bishop  Newton  ex- 
plains   it,       '*  And   he   shall    think     to    change 
times    and  laws,"   which  Dodd  interprets,   "ap- 
pointing   fasts    and    feasts,    canonizing    persons 
whom  he  chooses  to  call  saints,  granting  pardons 
and  indulgences  far  sins,  instituting  new  modes 
of    worship    utterly  unknown   to   the   Christian 
Church,  new  articles  of  faith,  new  rules,  and  re- 
versing at  pleasure  the  laws  both  of    God  and 
man."      All  these  particulars  are  descriptive  of 
the  Papal  and  of  no  other  power.     "  Until  a  time, 
times,  and  the  dividing  of  time."     This  is  usually 
understood  to  be  three  and  a  half  prophetic  years, 
which  reckoning  thirty  days  to  the  month,  and  a 
day  for  a  year,  would  make  12G0  years. 

The  little  horn  which  unites  the  spiritual  with 


IN  PROPHECY. 


19 


the  civil  is  the  State  Church  of  Europe.     And 
the  same  idea  of  the  union  of  church  and  state 
which  it  represents  as  being  itself  a  dual  power, 
and  as  growing  among  the  horns  on  the  head  of 
the   beast,    is    set    forth    in    the    vision   of   the 
metallic  image  by  the  union  of  the  clay  with  the 
iron  in  the  feet  and  toes.      Such  is  not  indeed 
the  interpretation  usually  given  of  this  figure. 
St.  Jerorne,  who  lived  to  see  the  incursions  of 
the  barbarians,  but  did  not  live  to  see  the  loftiest 
pretensions  and  darkest  corruptions  of  popery  in 
the  middle  ages,  understood  it  to  mean  the  mix- 
ture of  barbarism  with  civilization  in  the  em- 
pire, and  he  has  been  generally  followed  in  this 
by  Scripture  interpreters.     But  the  identity  of 
the  two  visions    requires  the  interpretation  for 
which  we  contend.     It  is  true  that  the  vision  of 
Daniel  contains  some  explanatory  circumstances 
which  are  not  found  in  that  of  Nebuchadnezzar; 
but  it  is   also  true  that  the  latter  vision  contains 
some  very  important  particulars  not  found  in  the 
former.     The  two  visions  confessedly  agree  as  to 
leading  items.     The  little  horn  in  the  one  vision 
is  a  very  material  point,  without  which  it  would 
be    incomplete    as    a   representation    of   Roman 
history.     And  is  it  possible  that  so  important  an 
item  can  be  left  out  of  the  other  vibion,  so  that 


20  THE     CONFEDERATE     STATES 

the  whole  idea  of  the  little  horn  is  isiiiored, 
together  with  that  which  corresponds  with  it  in 
the  history  ?  If  this  be  so,  how  can  the  great 
image  be  a  correct  representation,  even  in  general 
items  of  the  scope  of  history  it  is  designed  to 
embrace  ?  It  may  be  true,  that  as  prophecy  has 
generally  a  double  application,  the  mixture  of 
clay  with  iron  in  the  feet  and  toes  of  the  image 
may  receive  illustration  from  the  incursion  of 
barbarians,  but  is  it  rational  that  it  should  mean 
this  mainly,  much  less  exclusively,  when  the 
same  figure  would  explain  more  forcibly  the 
church  and  state  union  in  accordance  with  the 
truth  of  history,  and  with  the  setting  forth  in 
the  other  vision  ?  We  are  strongly  in  favor, 
therefore,  of  Dr.  Baldwin's  theory  as  contained 
in  Armageddon,  pp.  123-4-5  :  "  The  term,  they 
shall  mingle  themselves  with  the  seed  of  men, 
conveys  with  great  clearness  the  idea  of  the  de- 
gradation of  a  superior  class  of  persons  by 
mingling  with  the  seed  of  men  in  natural 
affairs.  It  is  very  similar  to  a  passage  in  Genesis, 
which  speaks  of  the  corruption  of  the  sons  of 
God  by  uniting  with  the  daughters  of  men. 
The  mingling  with  seed  of  men  by  this  superior 
class  also  conveys  plainly  the  notion  of  a  spiritual 
people  uniting  with  a  political  power.     Indeed, 


IN    PROPHECY.  21 

as  no  two  classes  of  men  can  be  found  in  the 
world  corresponding  to  the  two  in  the  text  ex- 
cept spiritual  and  carnal  people,  the  union  of 
these  two  classes  in  the  fourth  empire,  must 
represent  church  and  state  union  in  it,  and  as  in 
the  Koman  or  fourth  great  empire,  such  a  union 
did  exist,  the  case  is  a  very  clear  one,  that  the 
mingled  clay  represented  the  Church  of'  Christ 
corrupted  by  union  with  the  civil  power  of 
Rome  represented  by  the  iron." 

THE   RECONSTRUCTED    EMPIRE. 

The  reconstruction  of  the  Roman  empire  for 
which  Dr.  Baldwin  contends,  is,  we  think,  repre- 
sented in  the  fact  that  the  image  is  a  chronolo- 
gical one,  that  the  toes  appear  after  the  feet,  that 
the  stone  is  cut  out  of  the  mountain  after 
the  toes  appear,  and  yet,  that  the  stone  strikes 
the  feet  of  the  image.  This  reorganization  is 
a  vast  and  powerful  embodiment  of  the  spirit  of 
the  Roman  empire,  nay,  of  all  these  empires, 
without  special  reference  to  locality  or  form  of 
government.  This  reconstruction  in  S2nrit  is 
signified  in  the  fact  that  when  the  stone  strikes 
the  image  it  finds  and  destroys  the  gold  and  silver 
and  brass,  as  well  as  the  iron  and  clay ;  indeed, 


22  THE     CONFEDERATE     STATES 

the  material  of  the  whole  image,  both  avS  to  suc- 
cessive and  specific  characteristics,  and  the 
spirit  that  pervades  the  whole — the  spirit  of 
monarchy  and  despotism.  This  is  still  more 
clearly  set  forth  in  the  fact,  that  when  in  the 
other  vision  it  is  said  that  the  "  beasts  had  their 
dominion  taken  away,  their  lives  were  prolonged, 
or  rather  a  prolonging  of  life  was  given  them,  for 
a  season  and  time."  This  is  no  representation 
of  the  bodies  of  the  beasts,  t,  e.,  the  nations 
which  exist  now  where  the  beasts  held  their  sway, 
but  of  the  spirit  of  despotism  which,  while 
manifesting  specific  characteristics  in  each  suc- 
cessive power,  passed  down  the  line  of  dominion 
until,  in  the  reconstructed  feet  of  the  great  image, 
or  Rome  reorganized  in  "  the  last  end  of  the  in- 
dignation," it  is  crushed  by  the  *' stone  cut  out 
of  the  mountain." 


IN   PEOPHEOY.  23 


CHAPTER   II. 

FIFTH  KINGDOM— THE  UNITED  STATES  OF  AMERICA. 

The  closing  symbols  in  the  visions  agree — The  mount- 
ain with  the  Ancient  of  Days — The  stone  with  the 
one  like  the  Son  of  man — The  text — Bishop  Newton — 
Civil  governments — Tenor  of  the  visions — Necessi- 
ties of  the  case — The  Ancient  of  days  not  God  in 
person,  in  nature,  in  revelation,  in  providence,  but 
in  government  —  Stone  not  the  Church  —  Date  — 
Baldwin — Conflict  with  despotism;  from  without; 
sudden — Takes  the  place  of  the  despotism  it  destroys — 
Called  a  "kingdom" — Dr.  Clarke's  exposition — Dr. 
Baldwin's — Harmony  of  the  visions., 

In  Nebuchadnezzar's  vision,  after  the  entire 
image  representing  the  four  successive  mon- 
archies is  seen,  even  down  to  the  feet  and  toes, 
two  other  objects  appear — "the  mountain,"  and 
the  "  stone  cut  out  of  the  mountain."  In  Dan- 
iel's vision,  the  four  beasts,  which  also  represent 
the  four  monarchies,  are  succeeded  by  "  the 
Ancient  of  days,"  and  "  one  like  the  Son  of 
man  with  the  clouds  of  heaven." 

Now,  whatever  these  objects  may  represent, 
they  assuredly  synchronize  in  the  two  visions. 


24  THE   CONFEDERATE   STATES 

The  'Miiount^in"  in  the  one,  is  "the  Ancient  of 
daj's"  in  the  other;  and  the  "stone  cut  out  of 
the  mountain"  in  the  former,  \S  the  "one  like 
the  Son  of  man"  in  the  latter.  The  consistency 
of  the  visions  M'ith  each  other,  as  jointly  fur- 
nishing, as  they  confessedly  do,  a  dual  repre- 
sentation of  the  same  successive  kingdoms, 
requires  this  interpretation.  There  are  six 
symbolic  representations  in  each,  and  these  six 
respectively  agree  in  the  two  visions.  This,  as 
all  agree,  is  the  case  with  four  of  the  symbols, 
beginning  with  the  first  in  each  vision,  and  the 
same  is  as  certainly  true  of  the  remaining  two. 

This  is  further  apparent,  from  the  fact  that 
the  same  preeminent  and  perpetual  dominion 
which  is  ascribed  to  the  "  stone  cut  out  of  the 
mountain,  is  ascribed  to  the  "  one  like  the 
Son  of  man."  Of  the  former,  it  is  said 
"  it  became  a  great  mountain,  and  filled  the 
whole  earth  ^"  and  again,  that  "  it  shall  never  be 
destroyed ;  and  the  kingdom  shall  not  be  left 
to  other  people,  but  it  shall  break  in  pieces,  and 
consume  all  these  kingdoms,  and  it  shall  stand 
for  ever."  Of  the  latter  it  is  said,  "There  was 
given  him  dominion,  and  glory,  and  a  kingdom, 
that  all  people,  nations,  and  languages,  should 
serve  him  :  his  dominion   is  an   everlasting  do- 


IN  PROPHECY.  25 

minion,  which  shall  not  pass  away,  and  his  king- 
dom, that  which  shall  not  be  destroyed."  And 
again,  "  The  kingdom  and  dominion,  and  the 
greatness  of  the  kingdom  under  the  whole 
heaven,  shall  be  given  to  the  people  of  the  saints 
of  the  Most  High,  whose  kingdom  is  an  ever- 
lasting kingdom,  and  all  dominions  shall  serve 
and  obey  him."  Now  this  identity  of  the  indi- 
visible characteristics  of  universal  and  everlast- 
ing dominion  (which  we  shall  endeavor  to  explain 
in  due  time)  positively  fixes  the  identity  of  the 
stone  kingdom  with  the  ^'  one  like  the  Son  of 
man."  And  this  again  as  decisively  identifies 
the  mountain  with  the  Ancient  of  days.  The 
mountain  immediately  precedes  the  stone,  just 
as  the  Ancient  immediately  precedes  the  one 
like  the  Son  of  man.  The  mountain  succeeds 
the  metallic  image,  even  the  ten  toes  of  that 
image,  just  as  "  the  Ancient"  succeeds  the  four 
beasts,  even  the  ten  horns  of  the  fourth  beast. 
In  the  one  vision,  the  mountain  intervenes  ^^ 
between  the  image  and 'the  stone  that  breaks  it, 
while  in  the  other  "  the  Ancient"  intervenes  in 
the  same  manner  between  the  four  beasts  and 
the  "  one  like  the  Son  of  man."  On  the  one 
hq^d,  the  four  sectiDus  of  the  image  and  the 
four  beasts  have  been  found  to  synchronize ;  on 


26  THE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 

the  other  hand,  the  stone  kingdom  and  the  one 
like  the  Son  of  man  arc  the  same.     Therefore, 
the  mountain,  which  intervenes  between  the  four 
sections   of   the  image  and   the  stone,  and  the 
Ancient  of  days,  which  intervenes  between  the 
four  beasts  and  the  "one  like  the  Son  of  man," 
must   inevitably   be    the    same.       Thus    Bishop 
Newton  on  Prophecy,  p.  224 :  "  The  $tone  that 
was  cut  out  of  the  mounfnin  without  hands,  and 
became  itself  a  mountain,  and  filled   the  whole 
earth,  is  explained  to  be  a  kingdom,  which  shall 
prevail   over  all    other    kingdoms,   and    become 
universal  and  everlasting.     In  like  manner,  one 
like   the   Son  of  man    came   to   the  Ancimt   of 
dai/a,   and   was  advanced    to   a  kingdom   which 
shall  prevail  likewise  over  all   other  kingdoms, 
and   become  universal   and    everlasting."      The 
italicizing  in  this  passage  is  intended  to  exhibit 
more  clearly  that  which  the  learned  prelate  de- 
sitrned  to  show:  the  "concord  and  acrreement" 
between    these    prophecies    of    Daniel.       This 
"concord  and  agreement"  will  more  fully  appear 
as  we  proceed. 

The  mountiin  thus  identified  with  the  Ancient 
of  days,  and  the  stone  cut  out  of  the  mountain 
thus  found  to  synchronize  with  the  one  like  the 
Son  of  man,  arc  civil  governments. 


IN   PROPHECY.  27 

The  consistency  of  the  visions  with  them- 
selves and  with  each  other  demands  this  inter- 
pretation. The  other  symbols  of  the  visions 
confessedly  mean  civil  governments.  These 
latter  appear  on  the  same  field  of  vision.  They 
are  seen  thus  to  speak  with  the  same  prophetic 
eyes.  ^'  The  mountain"  and  "  the  stone"  are  as 
visible  and  material  as  the  four  sections  of  the 
metallic  image ;  and  if  the  latter  represent  civil 
or  outward  governments,  so  do  the  former.  The 
Ancient  of  days,  and  the  one  like  the  Son  of 
man,  are  just  as  tangible  and  visible  as  the  wild 
beasts  that  precede  them.  A  man,  whether  old 
or  young,  while  differing  in  character  from  a 
beast,  is  yet  no  less  visible  and  tangible,  and 
equally  suitable  as  a  symbol  of  outward  or  civil 
government.  Indeed,  all  the  symbols  being  of 
precisely  the  same  character  as  to  the  visible  or 
invisible,  and  occurring  in  concatenation  in  the 
same  visions,  they  must  certainly  be  understood 
in  the  same  sense  as  to  this  question.  If  the 
^'mountain"  and  "stone" — if  the  "Ancient" 
and  the  "  one  like  the  Son  of  man,"  mean  the 
inward  and  spiritual,  then  must  the  four  sections 
of  the  image  and  the  four  beasts,  which  are  no 
more  material  as  emblems,  also  express  the  in- 
ward and  spiritual :   with  this  single  difference, 


28  THE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 

however,  that  while  the  former  indicate  the 
spiritual  in  a  good  sense,  and  thus  symbolize  true 
reliu'ion,  the  latter  indicate  the  spiritual  in  a  bad 
sense,  and  thus  symbolize  false  religion.  In  this 
con.sistent  mode  of  interpretation,  on  the  ground 
assumed  by  the  opponent,  the  civil  is  utterly  lost 
ill  the  spiritual  throughout  the  visions,  and  there 
is  no  representation  of  the  successive  empires 
of  the  world.  This  is  manifestly  absurd.  But, 
on  the  other  hand,  if  the  sections  of  the  image 
and  the  corresponding  beasts  symbolize  civil 
governments^  then  must  ''the  mountain"  and 
"stone,"  the  "Ancient  of  days"  and  the  "one 
like  the  Son  of  man,"  which  are  equally  visible 
and  tangible,  and  which  immediately  succeed 
them,  also  represent  civil  governments,  with, 
however,  this  simple  diiFerence :  that,  while  the 
former  symbols  point  to  oppressive  and  corrupt 
governments,  the  latter  symbols  are  expressive 
of  free  and  pure  governments. 

The  interpretation  for  which  we  contend  arises 
out  of  the  necessities  of  the  case.  If  these  are 
not  civil  governments,  what  are  they  ? 

Is  it  contended  that  the  "Ancient  of  days"  is 
the  eternal  Father?  This  is  Dr.  Clarke's  view. 
And  yet  he  says  that  Almighty  God  is  nowhere 
else  represented  as  an  old  man.     This  fact  of 


IN   PROPHECY.  29 

itself  furnishes  strong  presumption  that  he  is 
not  so  represented  here.  Can  the  position  of 
the  great  commentator  be  sustained  in  view  of 
the  prohibition  of  the  immutable  law  of  God, 
that  any  visible  representation  should  be  made 
of  himself?  This  is  the  more  impressively  true 
if  a  hypothesis  can  be  found  which  will  satisfy 
the  name  and  description  here  given,  without 
forcing  upon  the  mind  the  painful  alternative  of 
regarding  them  as  unmeaning  on  the  one  hand, 
or  as  descriptive  of  the  eternal  God  as  an  old 
man  on  the  other. 

The  Ancient  of  days  on  his  chariot-throne 
cannot  possibly  be  a  representation  of  God  per- 
sonally for  the  above  reasons,  and  for  the  further 
one  that  he  is  a  Spirit,  without  body  or  parts. 
The  ascription  of  eyes  to  God,  which  denote  his 
superintendence — of  an  arm  to  him,  which  points 
out  his  power,  exercised  in  protection  or  in  wrath, 
etc.,  is,  to  our  conception,  very  diiferent  from 
describing  him  personalli/  as  an  old  man.  Ac- 
cordingly, if  this  be  a  description  of  Almighty 
God,  it  symbolizes  him  in  some  particular  posi- 
tion as  to  human  aifairs,  or  as  assuming  some 
special  relation  to  mankind.  Let  us  investigate 
this  thought. 

It  will  not  be  contended  that  the  Ancient  of 


30  THE    CONFEDERATE   STATES 

days  is  God  in  nature,  appearing  at  a  late  period 
in  the  world  he  has  made.  Nor  docs  he  symbol- 
ize God  in  RevelatujUy  manifesting  himself  thus 
so  long  after  the  sacred  canon  becomes  complete. 
Nor  can  the  Ancient  represent  the  Father  in 
general  providence.  This  providence  extends 
over  all  nations  and  through  all  time.  He  rules 
anions  the  inhabitants  of  the  earth.  The  nations 
are  before  him  nothing,  less  than  nothing,  and 
vanity.  He  cutteth  oflF  the  spirit  of  princes. 
He  setteth  up  one  and  .putteth  down  another. 
Daniel  says  to  King  Nebuchadnezzar,  when  ex- 
plaining his  dream,  ''  The  God  of  heaven  hath 
given  thee  a  kingdom,  power,  and  strength,  and 
glory.''  There  is  a  providence  at  the  beginning, 
as  well  as  at  the  close  of  these  visions. 

If,  therefore,  the  Ancient  of  days  be  a  mani- 
festation of  Almighty  God,  it  is  in  the  form  of 
government.  This  is  indicated  by  the  terms 
"thrones,"  ''sits,"  ''judgment,"  spoken  of  in 
direct  reference  to  the  Ancient  of  days.  This 
cannot  be  the  Divine  government  proper,  for  that 
extends  over  the  whole  universe,  and  sweeps 
through  time  and  eternity.  If  there  be  a  Divine 
government  here,  it  must  be  embodied  in  Church 
or  State.  We  have  already  noticed  the  absurd- 
ity of  supposing  that  four  of  the  governments 


IN   PROPHECY.  81 

in  this  vision  are  civil,  while  the  remaining  are 
ecclesiastical.  Let  us  press  this  subject  a  little 
further  in  this  connection. 

The  Ancient  of  days  cannot  be  the  Church 
of  God.  If  so,  how  can  it  be  true,  as  many 
affirm,  that  the  stone  cut  out  of  the  mountain  is 
the  Church  ?  For,  as  we  have  shown,  the  Ancient 
synchronized  with  the  mountain,  and  not  with 
the  stone,  which  is  identical  with  the  one  like  the 
Son  of  man.  The  Ancient  and  the  stone  cannot, 
therefore,  both  symbolize  the  Church. 

The  dates  of  the  appearance  of  the  Ancient 
of  days  and  of  the  cutting  of  the  stone  out  of 
the  mountain,  utterly  forbid  the  supposition  that 
one  or  both  of  them  should  represent  the  Church 
of  God.  Daniel,  in  his  vision,  says,  '^  I  beheld, 
and  the  same  horn  (the  little  horn)  made  war 
with  the  saints,  and  prevailed  against  them ; 
until  the  Ancient  of  days  came,  and  judgment 
was  given  to  the  saints  of  the  Most  High."  It 
is  said,  further,  that  this  political  or  national 
"judgment"  was  not  to  sit  until  the  little  horn 
had  worn  out  the  saints  of  the  Most  High,  and 
lintil  they  had  been  given  into  his  hand,  "  until 
a  time  and  times  and  the  dividing  of  time,"  or, 
as  the  commentators  reckon,  1260  years.  Thus 
the  Ancient  was  not  to  come  until  the  Roman 


32  THE   CONFEDERATE   8TATES 

empire,  symbolized  by  the  fourtji  beast,  was 
divided  into  the  ten  kingdoms,  as  answering  to 
the  ten  horns  of  the  beast,  and  the  papal  power 
sicrnified  by  the  little  horn  had  worn  out  the 
saints  of  the  Most  High — nearly,  according  to 
the  common  understanding,  1260  years  :  nearli/j 
we  say,  because  the  Ancient  comes  before  the 
destruction  of  the  little  horn,  and  is  instrumental 
in  that  destruction. 

Now  the  Ancient  is  identical,  as  wc  have  seen, 
with  the  mountain,  out  of  which  the  stone  is 
cut.  This  stone,  to  which  the  Church  idea  is 
specially  attached,  cannot,  then,  be  cut  out  of 
the  mountain  before  the  mountain  existed,  but 
necessarily  at  a  period  later  than  that  at  which 
the  mountain,  or  Ancient,  appears.  Accordingly, 
Daniel,  in  describing  to  the  king  his  vision, 
says,  *' This  image's  head  was  of  fine  gold,. his 
breast  and  his  arms  of  silver,  his  belly  and  his 
thighs  of  brass,  his  legs  of  iron,  his  feet  part  of 
iron  and  part  of  clay.  Thou  sawest  tUl  that  a 
stone  was  cut  out  of  the  mountain  without 
hands,  which  smote  the  image  upon  his  feet  that 
were  of  iron  and  clay,  and  brake  thcni  in  pieces." 
'^  In  the  interpretation  ol"  the  dream,  the  prophet 
expressly  told  the  king  that  aftt'r  he  had  seen 
the  whole   prophetic   and    chronological   image 


IN   PROPHECY.  33 

down  to  the  toes,  that  then  he  continued  to  look 
forward,  and  that  in  \oo\i\T\g  forward  his  atten- 
tion was  arrested  by  the  sight  of  a  stone  cut  out 
of  the  mountain  without  hands.  The  expres- 
sion, ^hou  sawest  till  that  a  stone  was  cut  out,' 
indubitably  signifies  a  looking  into  the  future 
from  the  toe  period,  on  which  his  attention  had 
last  rested.  The  term  'thou  sawest  till'  has  an 
expression  of  futurity  in  it,  absolutely  as  well  as 
relatively.  The  word  tillj  says  Mr.  Webster, 
signifies  to  the  time  of,  or  to  the  time  :  as,  I  will 
wait  till  next  week ;  occupy  till  I  come ;  saying 
they  would  neither  eat  nor  drink  till  they  had 
killed  Paul.  The  term  'thou  sawest'  signified 
that  he  continued  to  look  upon  events.  Now, 
as  all  the  events  in  the  vision  beside  the  stone 
occurred  chronologically,  the  cxprcvssion  '  thou 
sawest  till  that  a  stone  was  cut  out'  shows  that 
the  looking  was  chronologically  into  the  future." — 
Baldwin.  Let  it  be  noted,  too,  that  it  was  not 
a  stone  that  had  been  cut  out  of  the  mountain, 
but  the  event  of  the  cutting  out  was  seen  in  the 
vision  after  the  feet  and  toes  of  the  image  are 
seen.  The  further  explanation  of  the  dream  is 
also  decisive  upon  this  point.  When  the  prophet 
had  reached  the  mixture  of  iron  and  clay  in  the 
feet  and  toes,  he  says,  "In  the  days  of  these 
2 


34  THE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 

kings  (or  kingdoms)  shall  the  God  of  hoaven 
set  u]>  H  kingdom. '■'  ''Jielativc  words,"  says 
lledirc  in  his  l^tgie,  '' should  be  referred  to  the 
nearest  rather  than  a  remote  antecedent." 
''y/trse"  kings  must  be  the  too  kings  of  which 
he  ha<l  been  speaking.  "  These"  being  plural, 
must  refer  to  the  plurality  of  kingdoms  which 
the  prophet  had  spoken  of  as  existing  in  the 
Roman  empire,  as  now  marking  the  period  when 
the  stone  is  cut  out  of  the  mountain.  To  apply 
the  terra  "  these"  to  all  these  empires,  meaning 
that  somewhere  during  the  successive  ages  of 
their  history  the  God  of  heaven  should  set  up  a 
kingdom,  is  to  depart  from  all  perspicuity,  and 
confuse,  as  to  dates,  the  whole  vision.  The 
phrase  '^  these  kings"  could  not  apjdy  to  the  rise 
of  Christianity,  for  the  Roman  p]mpire  then 
existed  as  one  kingdom,  to  which,  of  course,  a 
plural  term  could  not  be  applied.  But  the  rise 
of  the  kingdom  in  question  during  the  broken 
state  of  the  empire,  coincides  with  the  period  in 
the  chronology  of  the  vision  the  prophet  occu- 
pies when  making  this  exposition,  WMth  the  fact 
that  the  stone  was  cut  out  of  the  mountain  after 
the  feet  and  toes  of  the  image  appear,  and  with 
the  fact  that  even  the  Ancient  of  days  did  not 
come  until  after  the  ten  horns  of  the  beast  had 


IN    PROPHECY.  ~  36 

arisen,  and  even  the  little  horn  had  long  worn 
out  the  saints  of  the  Most  High. 

That  the  stone  is  not  the  Church  of  Christ  is 
also  plain  from  its  work,  and  from  the  manner 
in  which  that  work  is  performed.  The  first 
business  of  the  stone  after  being  cut  out  of  the 
mountain,  is  to  break  in  pieces  the  feet  of  the 
image,  or  the  reconstructed  Roman  empire.  It 
is  first  seen  in  violent  and  deadly  conflict  with 
civil  despotism,  whereas  the  Church,  as  such, 
has  nothing  to  do  with  the  State.  In  the 
prophecies  of  the  Bible  she  is  represented  as 
being  corrupted  by  such  connection  wherever  it 
occurs. 

The  stone  comes  in  conflict  with  despotism 
from  without,  whereas  the  action  of  the  Church 
upon  an  empire  or  nationality  is  from  within. 
Christian  truth,  as  leaven,  difi'uses  itself  silently, 
imperceptibly,  till  the  whole  is  leavened.  It 
may  in  tliis  way  enlighten,  refine,  and  elevate  k 
people,  and  by  preparing  them  for  higher  forms 
of  government,  may  indirectly  bring  about  the 
adoption  of  such  forms.  But  the  violent,  de- 
structive action  from  without,  as  of  the  stone 
upon  the  feet  of  the  image,  cannot  possibly  be 
realized  i«  any  legitimate  movement  of  ihe 
Church  of  God. 


8d  THE   CONFEDERATE    STATES 

The  action  of  the  stone  upon  the  feet  of  the 
image  is  siuMcn  and  complete.  The  idea  ex- 
pressed is  affirmed  by  Dr.  Clarke  to  be  tliat  of 
the  hurlina:  of  a  stone  from  a  Roman  catapult. 
The  effect  is  the  immediate  and  utter  destruction 
of  the  iniaire.  The  influence  of  the  Church  is 
not  only  silent  and  unseen,  but  gradually  pro* 
ff7'('S!iive,  and  cannot  possibly  be  illustrated  by  the 
conflict  of  the  stone  with  the  image. 

The  stone  ta/ce.s  the  place  of  the  image  after 
its  destruction,  and  finally  becomes. "a  great 
mountain,  and  fills  the  whole  earth."  The  fact 
that  the  stone  not  only  destroys  the  image,  but 
supplants  it  in  the  inheritance  of  the  greatness 
and  glory  and  dominion,  is  conclusive  as  to  its 
being  a  civil  government,  though  different  in 
character  from  the  image. 

The  stone  is  expressly  called  a  "  kingdom,' 
just  as  the  sections  of  the  image  and  the  beasts 
are  kingdoms.  And  tliis  kingdom  is  identified 
with  ^^  i\ie  people  of  the  saints" — not  the  saints 
personally  or  collectively,  but  the  people  of  the 
saints,  or  a  glorious  Christian  nationality,  pos- 
sessing the  greatness  and  glory  under  the  whole 
heaven. 

The  fact  that  the  date  of  the  appearance  of 
the  stone  kingdom  is  positively  fixed  as  being 


'     IN    PROPHECY.  37 

after  the  feet  and  toes  of  tlie  image  appear,  or 
in  the  broken  state  of  the  Roman  empire,  to- 
gether with  the  other  considerations  we  have 
named,  are  conclusive  of  the  civil  character  of 
the  stone  kingdom. 

What  sad  work  the  usual  exposition,  which 
identifies  the  stone  with  the  Church,  makes  of 
the  imagery  and  chronology  of  these  visions ! 
Take  that  of  Dr.  Clarke  as  a  specimen.  Whereas 
the  prophet  plainly  tells  the  king  that  from  the 
toe  period  of  the  great  chronological  image  he 
saw  ^'  till  that  a  stone  was  cut  out  of  the  mount- 
ain," the  commentator  makes  Mm  see  backioard 
from  that  period,  to  the  rise  of  the  Christian 
Church  in  Judea,  many  centuries  before.  And 
he  understands,  further,  that  the  mountain  is 
the  Roman  empire,  which  is  characterized  in 
the  vision  itself  as  the  legs  of  iron,  and  the  feet 
part  of  iron  and  part  of  clay.  How  the  Church 
was  cut  out  of  the  Roman  empire  cannot,  we 
think,  be  satisfactorily  explained.  Such  expo- 
sitions illustrate  the  fact  that  the  vision  of  pro- 
phecy was  shut  up  until  the  time  of  the  end. 
Bishop  Newton  says  of  these  very  predictions, 
^'  It  is  the  nature  of  such  prophecies  not  to  be  per- 
fectly understood  till  they  are  fulfilled.  The  best 
comment  upon  them  will  be  their  fulfilment."* 


^9  THE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 

Our  conclusion  is,  that  neither  the  Ancient  of 
days,  nor  the  stone  cut  out  of  the  mountain,  sym- 
bolizes the  Church  of  Christ. 

If,  then,  the  Ancient  of  days  be  understood 
to  be  Almighty  God,  (and  there  is  a  Divine  idea 
in  the  symbol,)  he  is  not  a  revelation  of  him 
personally,  nor  in  creation,  nor  in  his  wordy  nor 
in  g^enera]  providence y  but  in  a  nationality,  raised 
up  by  him  as  an  instrument  for  the  accomplish- 
ment of  great  and  beneficent  changes  in  the 
condition  of  mankind.  And  as  he  certainly  did 
in  ancient  times  raise  up  a  nationality  for  such 
a  purpose,  it  is  surely  not  unreasonable  that  ho 
should  in  the  latter  ages  select  one  for  the  ac- 
complishment of  still  greater  good  for  the  human 
race. 

Our  business  in  this  part  of  the  investigation 
is  with  the  fifth  kingdom ;  but  in  order  to  prove 
this  to  be  outward  and  visible,  it  is  necessary  to 
show  the  same  to  be  true  of  the  sixth,  with 
which  it  must  agree  in  spirit,  and  for  which  it 
prepares  the  way.  If  one  of  these  be  visible 
and  outward,  so  is  the  other.  And  we  have 
endeavored  to  prove  both  to  be  of  this  character. 

Here  it  naay  be  proffer  to  iK)tice  Dr.  Baldwin's 
obvious  error  in  explaining  these  closing  symbols 
of  the  visions  under  discussion.     He  correctly 


EN   PROPHECY.  39 

under8tanxis"'the  Ancient  of  days  to  be  the  fifth 
kingdom,  or  the  United  States  of  America,  but 
makes  this  synchronize,  not  with  the  mountaui 
in  the  other  vision,  but  with  the  stone  cut  out 
of  the  mountain ;  whereas,  as  Bishop  Newton 
affirms,  and  as  we  have  shown  from  the  text,  the 
stone  is  identical,  not  with  the  Ancient,  but 
with  the  one  like  the  Son  of  man.  This  con- 
founding of  the  fifth  kingdom  in  the  one  visioii 
with  the  sixth  in  the  other,  leaves  him  the  awk- 
ward task  of  accounting  for  the  mountain  in  one 
vision,  and  the  one  like  the  Son  of  man  in  the 
other,  when  there  is  nothing  to  synchronize  with 
them.  As  to  the  mountain,  he  says  it  symbol- 
izes a  govermnent,  either  civil  or  ecclesiastical. 
And  inasmuch  as  the  stone  is  a  Christian  nation- 
ality, a  kingdom  set  up  by  the  God  of  heaven,  it 
is  cut  out  of  the  Church  :  '  not  cut  off  from  the 
mountain  as  a  stone  cut  off  from  a  cliff  or  a 
ledge  of  rocks  composing  a  mountain,  but  the 
change  of  the  mountain  substance  into  a  double 
nature,  just  as  we  say  a  statue  is  cut  out  of  a 
block  of  marble,  or  a  vase  is  cut  out  of  alabaster." 
But  let  it  be  noted  that  the  figure  is  not  the 
carving  of  a  statue  out  of  a  rock,  but  the  cutting  of 
a  rock  out  of  the  mountain,  without  reference  to 
the  statue  at  aJI.     Now  the  simple  cutting  of  a 


40  THE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 

rock  out  of  the  mountain  must  be  Very  different 
from  (1.)  changiBg  the  mountain  substance  into 
a  rock  J  (2.)  carving  the  rock  into  an  image, 
"which  is,  unless  the  mountain  sub-stanrc  be 
alrcad}'  a  rock,  the  precise  process  we  understand 
to  be  involved  in  the  exposition  under  notice. 
Further,  if  the  idea  were  that  of  diiselling  a  rock 
into  a  statue,  it  would  mean  the  transformation 
of  the  Church,  as  such,  into  the  State,  so  that 
the  Church  really  becomes  the  State,  which  ijB 
absurd. 

In  another  place  our  friend  Dr.  B.  makes  the 
mountain  out  of  which  the  stone  is  cut  to  be  the 
throne  on  which  Ancient  sits.  The  Ancient  he 
identifies  with  the  stone,  and  the  Ancient's 
throne  with  the  mountain.  This  is  precisely 
confounding  the  stone  with  the  mountain  after  it 
is  taken  from  it,  whereas  they  are  as  distinct  as 
any  two  sections  of  the  ima£i;e,  or  two  beasts,  after 
one  has  succeeded  the  other.  The  mountain  and 
stone  are  two;  whereas  the  Ancient  on  his  throne 
is  oncy  expressed  according  to  the  Poctor'a  own 
correct  theory  under  dual  symbols. 

Again  :  the  one  like  the  Son  of  man  is,  ac- 
cording.to  the  Doctor,  not  a  government  distinct 
from  the  Ancient,  but  simply  a  cliange  of  form, 
answering  to    the    stone's    becoming    a    great 


IN    PROPHECY.  ♦     41 

niountaia  and  filling  the  earth.  But  the  Ancient, 
and  the  one  like  the  Son  of  man,  are  as  distinct 
from  each  othe?  as  any  two  of  the  beasts  or  sec- 
tions of  the  image,  or  as  the  mountain  and  the 
stone,  with  which  they  respectively  agree. 

But  when  the  mountain  is  identified  with  the 
Ancient  of  days,  and  the  stone  with  the  one  like 
the  Son  of  man,  and  the  growth  of  the  stone 
into  a  mountain  filling  the  earth,  with  the  uni- 
versal and  eternal  dominion  of  the  one  like  the 
Son  of  man,  we  have  the  latter  parts  of  the 
visions  as  beautifully  and  harmoniously  complete 
as  the  former.  "The  concord  and  agreement" 
of  the  two  visions  arc  thus  fully  seen,  and  they 
become,  indeed,  as  Mr.  Mede  says,  "  The  sacred 
calendar  and  great  almanac  of  prophecy." 

This  chapter  is  designed  to  pave  the  way  for 
proofs,  both  presumptive  and  direct,  that  the 
mountain  and  the  Ancient  of  days  jointly  sym- 
bolize the  United  States  of  America 


4*i  THE    CONFEDERATE    BTATEb 


CHAPTER    III. 

THE  UNITED  STATES— CONTINUED. 

Tiie  mountAin  and  the  ancient  identified  witii  the 
mountain  of  the  Lord's  house,  or  Israe]  rcptored — 
The  typical  system — The  ciiurch — The  state — Israel 
restored  not  spiritually — not  literally — but  in  the 
antitype. 

Having  showo  that  the  mountain  and  the 
ancient  of  days  are  identical,  and  that  they  rep- 
resent a  civil  government,  we  shall  endeavor  to 
establish  their  reference  to  the  United  States  of 
America.  It  may  be  proper,  however,  at  once, 
to  identify  these  prophecies  of  the  fifth  kingdom 
with  a  class  of  predictions  io  the  other  prophets, 
which,  though  unconnected  with  this  great  chain 
of  empire,  refer  unmistakably  to  this  same  fifth 
kingdom.  The  syujbol  of  this  power  in  the 
king's  dream,  is  the  mountain.  "  Mountain" 
signifies,  as  we  have  seen,  a  government — a  civil 
government.  It  is  not  a  mountain  indefinitely, 
but  specifically  the  mountain — the  great  prophetic 
mountain  familiar  to  the  proj)het«  as  the  central 
glorious  christian  nationality  of  future  times.     It 


IN  PROPHECY.  43 

is  "tlie  mountain  of  the  Lord's  house,  estab- 
lished in  the  top  of  the  mountains/'  (Isaiah  ii. 
2.)  (Micah.  v.  1.)  This  is  further  manifest 
from  the  corresponding  symbol  in  the  prophet's 
vision.  It  appears,  as  we  have  seen,  late  in  the 
christian  era,  and  yet  is  characterized  as  an  old 
man,  styled  the  ancient  of  days,  with  hair  white 
as  wool.  These  items  signify  old  age.  Now,  as 
we  have  seen,  if  the  ancient  symbolize  God,  it  is 
Grod,  not  personally,  but  God  in  a  government  or 
nationality.  And  the  machinery  here  employed 
must  describe  the  nationality  to  which  it  applies. 
The  symbol  can  be  fulfilled  only  by  a  nationality 
that  existed  in  "  ancient"  times ;  and  ceasing 
to  be,  is  now  revived — once  existing  in  type, 
now  in  antitype.  The  same  is  plain  from 
the  mountain,  as  identified  with  the  mountain  of 
the  Lord's  house.  This  is  no  other  than  Israel 
restored ;  the  nationality  that  God  raised  up  as 
his  peculiar  government  revived,  according  to 
numerous  and  explicit  predictions  "in  the  last 
days."  Isaiah,  amid  his  expostulations  V^ith 
Israel,  either  literal  or  restored,  or  both,  utters 
this  prophecy  of  the  mountain  of  the  Lord's 
house.  (Is.  ii.  2.)  This  is  still  more  obvious 
in  the  connection  of  the  prophecy  as  repeated  in 
Micah  iv.  1.     In  the  verse  immediately  prece- 


44  THE    COXFEDERATE    STATE**    - 

ding  it,  is  written  :  '^  Therefore  shall  Zion  for 
your  sakes  be  ploughed  as  a  field,  and  Jerusalem 
shall  become  heaps,  and  the  mountain  of  the 
house  as  the  hijih  places  of  the  forest."  Let 
this  be  applied  to  the  literal  Jerusalem,  which  is 
connected  with  the  mountain  of  the  house  which 
is  to  be  destroyed.  ''  liut,"  in  contrast  with  this, 
*'  in  the  last  days  it  shall  come  ta  pass  that  the 
mountain  of  the  house  of  the  Lord  shall  be  cs- 
t^iblishcd  in  the  top  of  the  mountains."  And 
this  mountain  or  government  is  again  in  the  next 
verse  spoken  of  as  ^'Zion"  and  ''Jerusalem." 

This  identity  of  the  mountain  with  Israel  in 
the  type  and  in  the  antitype,  is  further  signified 
in  the  fact  that  Zion  is  called  "  the  holy  moun- 
tain." 

The  same  is  plain  from  the  fact  that  in  the 
prophets  the  same  glory  which  is  ascribed  to 
the  ''  mountain"  is  ascribed  to  Israel  restored  in 
the  last  days. 

The  Patriarchal  and  Jewish  dispensations 
were  full  of  types.  A  type  is  defined  by  Web- 
Hter  as  a  *'  a  sign,  a  symbol,  a  figure  of  something 
to  come;  "  by  Kichard  Wat.son,  as  "an  example, 
pattern,  or  general  similitude  to  a  person,  event, 
or  thing  which  is  to  come."  Adam  was  a  type 
or  fi'jure  of  him  that  was  to  come.     Mclchizedek 


IN   rROPIIECY.  45 

was  made  like  unto  God.  Abraham  was  enabled 
to  see  Christ's  day.  Isaac  was  received  from  the 
dead  in  a  figure.  The  paschal  lamb  was  typical 
of  ^'-  our  passover  slain  for  us." 

The  whole  Jewish  system  was  a  typical  sys- 
tem. That  system  consisted  of  two  general  de- 
partments— the  civil  and  ecclesiastical,  or  the 
state  and  the  church. 

That  the  ecclesiastical  department  was  of  a  typ- 
ical character  is  admitted  oa  all  hands.  Their 
religious  ordinances  wcfc  a  figure  ''  for  the  times 
then  present,"  ''shadows  of  good  things  to  come." 
Their  tabernacle  typified,  the  greater  and  more 
perfect  tabernacle  not  made  with  hands.  Their 
high  priest  was  typical  of  the  High  Priest  of  our 
profession.  Their  sacrifices  had  reference  to  the 
one  great  sacrifice  for  sins. 

Now,  if  the  state  wae  not  like  the  church  typ- 
ical (1)  they  did  not  harmonize.  They  were  like 
the  legs«of  the  lame,  not  equal.  (2)  The  one 
was  full  of  meaning  for  all  time;  the  other  was 
restricted  and  temporary  in  signification.  (3) 
The  one  was  a  glorious  success,  notwithstanding 
gloomy  and  protracted  reverses,  unless  the  cause 
of  God  should  finally  fail  in  the  world  ;  the  other, 
mostly  local  as  it  was  in  influence,  and  temporary 
in  duration,  would   seem   to   be    a  failure.     It 


46  THE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 

cannot  he  true  that  this  snblhnc  system,  as  the 
work  of  Ahuighty  G*od,  should  thus  fail  in  cither 
of  its  prrcat  departmcnt,s.  Accordinirly,  the 
prophets  assure  us  that  the  old  Israel  was  but 
typical  of,  and  preparatory  to,  Israel  restored  in 
the  mountain  of  the  Lord's  house,  when,  too,  the 
church  department  should  shine  forth  in  its  final 
antitypical  splendor,  as  "  the  law  should  go  forth 
out  of  Zion,  and  the  word  of  the  Lord  from  Je- 
rusalem." These  prophecies  of  Israel's  restora- 
tion are  so  literal  and  circumstantial  as  to  be  in- 
capable of  a  spiritual  signification.  Take  such 
as  the  following,  as  specimens  :  "  For  lo  !  the 
days  come,  saith  the  Lord,  that  I  will  bring  again 
the  captivity  of  my  people  Israel  and  Judah 
saith  the  Lord ;  and  I  will  cause  them  to  return 
to  the  land  that  I  gave  to  their  fathers  and  they 
shall  possess  it.  (Jer.  xxx.  3.)  *'  I  will  sow 
the  house  of  Judah  and  the  house  of  Israel  with 
the  seed  of  man  and  with  the  seed  of  beast.  I 
will  bring  again  the  captivity  of  my  people  Israel, 
and  they  shall  build  the  waste  cities  and  inhabit 
them.'*  (Amos  ix.  14.)  When  this  restoration 
occurs,  the  land  of  Israel  is  to  be  the  centre  of 
immigration  for  the  nations,  the  religious  capita^ 
of  the  world.  The  Lord  is  to  be  "  a  crown  of 
glory  and  a  diadem  of  beauty,"  and  his  servant 


IN    PROPHECY.  i7 

David  is  to  reign  over  his  people  and  the  "rem- 
nant of  Jacob  shall  be  in  the  midst  of  many 
people  as  a  dew  from  the  Lord,  as  the  showers 
the  grass,  that  tar»i*ieth  not  for  man;  as  a 
lion  among  the  beasts  of  the  forest;  as  a  young 
lion  among  the  flocks  of  sheep ;  who,  if  he  go 
through,  both  treadeth  down,  and  teareth  in 
pieces,  and  none  can  deliver." 

Such  passages,  and  they  are  numerous  in  the 
prophets,  indicate  the  restoration  of  Israel,  and 
the  greatness  and  glory  of  the  tribes  thus  finally 
restored.  What  is  the  character  of  this  restora- 
tion of  Israel '{ 

1.  As  already  observed,  it  will  not  be  spirit- 
ual, as  realized  in  the  prosperity  of  the  church, 
as  such,  in  future  times. 

The  bringing  back  of  the  people  of  Israel  to 
their  land,  the  successful  pursuit  of  agriculture 
there,  the  erection  of  a  glorious  nationality  amid 
civil  conflicts,  all  of  which,  and  much  more  is 
foretold,  utterly  forbid  this  interpretation. 

2.  Nor  will  it  be  the  literal  restoration  of  the 
Jews  to  the  land  of  Judea. 

There  are  three  things  essential  to  a  type :  1. 
It  must  point  to  something  future,  answering  to 
itself,  which  is  called  the  jintitype.  2.  This  anti- 
type, while  in  a  sense  an  ideal  continuation  of  the 


4S  THE   CONFEDERATE   STATES 

type,  is  never  a  literal  repetition  of  itself.  Not 
a-«ol4tary  type  ean  be  found  in  the  Scriptures, 
which  iy  fultilled  in  the  antitype  by  a  literal  repe- 
tition of  itself  3.  The  anMtypo,  thus  answcriirg 
to  the  type,  and  yet  differinji;  IVom  it,  is  far  more 
glorious  than  the  type.  There  is  certainly  no 
r^on  for  departure  from  these  principles  in 
the  case  before  us,  but  even  peculiar  reasons  for 
adhering  to  them.  The  term  Israel  signifies  one 
who  prevails  with  God.  And  there  is  the  same 
difference  between  carnal  "Israel  and  spiritual 
Israel,  as  there  was  between  ungodly  Jacob  and 
prevailing  Israel.  They  are  not  all  Israel  who 
are  of  Israel. 

Abraham  too,  was  the  father  of  the  faithful  in 
a  much  higher  and  sublimer  sense  than  of  the 
Jewish  people,  and  was  heir  of  the  world  as  truly 
as  he  was  of  Canaan.  The  Jews  as  his  natural 
seed,  were  typical  of  Christians  as  his  spiritual 
seed.  Thus  *Oie  is  not  a  Jew  who  is  one  out- 
wardly," but  ''he  is  a  Jew  who  is  one  inwardly." 
The  promise  is  thus  sure  to  all  the  seed. 

It  is  expressly  stated  that  David  should  be  the 
ruler  of  Israel  restored.  This  is  assuredly  David 
in  the  antitype,  who  is  the  root  and  the  offspring 
of  David,  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ. 

As  the  ruler  is  found  in  the  antitype,  so  must 


IN   PROPHECY.  49 

be  the  kingdom  he  rules.  This  cannot  be  the 
literal  Jewish  nationality  rebuilt,  but  that  which 
answers  to  it  in  Christian  times,  and  is  far  more 
glorious.  Is  the  final  Israel  to  consist  of  the 
literal  Jewish  people  ?  Why  have  they  main- 
tained their  separate  existence  as  a  people  ?  Be- 
cause of  their  rejection  of  the  Saviour  and  adhe- 
rence to  the  old  religion,  which  forbids  their 
amalgamation  with  other  nations.  And  is  it 
credible  that  such  stubborn,  persevering  rejec- 
tion of  Christ  will  be  rewarded  by  their  almost 
miraculous  conversion,  and  elevation  to  the  spirit- 
ual leadership  of  the  Christian  world,  while 
Christians  who  have  suffered  for  ages  for  the  tes- 
timony- of  Christ,  are  assigned  an  inferior  and 
secondary  position  in  the  enterprise  of  converting 
the  world  to  God?  So  far  is  this  from  being 
true,  that  it  is  expressly  stated  that  the  Jews 
will  not  be  converted  till  the  fulness  of  the  Gen- 
tiles shall  be  brought  in.  More  of  this  in  an- 
other place. 

In  accordance  with  this  general  typical  char- 
acter, the  land  of  Judea  is  typical  of  a  broader 
and  more  glorious  land  of  the  restored  Israel  of 
God.  Palestine  is  very  small,  has  meagre  agri- 
cultural, commercial,  and  manufacturing  advan- 
tages ;  is  occupied  and  surrounded  by  semi-bar- 


50  THE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 

barous  |)eoplc.  Can  it  become  the  centre  of  emi- 
gration for  the  nations,  and  in  all  resj>cct8,  in 
temporal,  political,  and  religious  prosperity  and 
power,  the  capital  of  the  worlds  Not  unless  the 
laws  of  nature  and  of  human  society  are  radically 
and  totally  changed. 

Why  is  there  a  lingering  desire  among  the 
Jews  to  return  to  Palestine  '/  Because  of  their 
persistent  adherence  to  the  old  religion,  which 
required  the  worship  of  God  at  Jerusalem.  Their 
conversion  to  Christianity  would  enable  them  to 
appreciate  the  words  addressed  by  our  Saviour  to 
the  woman  of  Samaria:  "The  hour  cometh,  when 
ye  shall  neither  in  this  mountain,  nor  yet  at  Jeru- 
salem, worship  the  Father.  God  is  a  spirit:  and 
they  that  worship  him  must  worsliip  him  in  spirit 
and  in  truth." 

The  prophetic  periods  cannot  be  far  at  any 
rate,  according  to  most  writers  on  prophecy,  from 
their  termination  when  the  mystery  shall  be 
finished.  And  yet  there  are  no  indications  of 
the  restoration  of  the  Jewish  people  to  their  own 
♦    laud,  as  a  means  of  finishing  this  mystery. 

This  whole  idea  of  making  the  typical  nation- 
ality of  old  Israel  simply  repeat  itself  in  the  anti- 
type, is  destructive  of  tliQ  relationship  between 
the  Jewish  system  as  the  type,  and  the  Christian 


IN   PROPHECY.  51 

system  as  the  antitype.  If  one  type  is  to  be  ful- 
filled by  a  literal  repetition  of  itself,  why  is  it  not 
so  of  all  other  types  ?  Thus,  the  theory  carried 
to  its  utmost  extent,  would  thoroughly  Judaize 
Christianity  itself. 

For  these,  and  many  other  reasons  that  might 
be  named,  we  regard  the  literal  theory  as  entirely 
impossible  and  absurd. 

We  conclude  that  the  nationality  of  ancient 
Israel  is  to  be  restored  in  a  great  Christian  na- 
tionality, sustaining  the  same  relations  to  God 
and  the  world ;  answering  to  and  yet  differing  from 
and  more  glorious  than  the  old  type ;  in  keeping 
with  the  relations  which  always  subsist  between 
the  type  and  the  antitype. 

Is  it  still  insisted  that  the  specific  promises 
that  the  Jews  shall  return  to  their  own  land,  the 
land  wherein  their  fathers'  dwelt  must  be  under- 
stood literally '/  We  answer,  that  the  same  iden- 
tity is  expressed  elsewhere  between  the  tyi  e  and 
the  antitype.  Thus  it  is  said  that  David  shall 
rule  Israel  restored,  and  as  plainly  asserted  else- 
where that  Christ,  his  antitype,  shall  do  the  same. 
Christ  is  our-  passover,  and  yet  not  the  veritable 
lamb  slain  in  the  passover.  Now  in  this  case  the 
type  cannot  be  spiritually  fulfilled  in  the  antitype, 
for  Christ  was  as  really  slain  as  was  the  lamb, 


62  THE    CONFEDERATE   STATES 

his  type.  The  identity  in  meaning  is  expressed, 
and  yet  the  antitype  was  different  from  and  far 
more  glorious  than  the  type.  Thus  the  language 
in  question  cannot  be  spiritualized,  for  there  is  a 
real  land  of  Israel  restored.  But  this  land  of 
restoration  is  the  antitype,  and  while  this  is  iden- 
tified, as  in  o^.her  cases,  with  the  type,  it  is  also 
different  from  and  far  more  glorious  than  the 
type.  Now,  if  admitting  that  the  Jews  will 
'finally  settle  in  Judea,  this  will  be  but  one  of  the 
results  of  the  restoration  of  Israel  in  the  antitype, 
or  the  establishment  of  the  mountain  of  the  Lord's 
house  in  the  top  of  the  mountains,  and  does  not 
affect  the  argument  at  all,  sls  we  shall  see  more 
clearly  as  we  proceed. 

AVe  have  identified  the  mountain,  in  the  king's 
vision^  with  the  Ancient  of  days,  in  the  prophet's 
vision ;  also  the  mountain,  with  the  mountain  of 
the  Lord's  house  and  Israel  restored. 

Again,  we  have  found  the  mountain  of  the 
Lord's  house  to  agree  with  the  mountain  in  the 
vision,  and  Israel  restored  to  synchronize  with 
the  Ancient  of  days.  These  four  arc  thus  seen 
to  be  identical.  And  our  next  task  is  to  bring 
proofs  from  this  fourfold  source,  to  show  that  the 
United  States  constituted  the  first  embodiment 
of  the  restored  Israel  of  God. 


CHAPTER   IV. 

THE  UNITED  STATES— CONTINUED. 

The  Fifth  Kingdom  the  United  States — Proofs  presum- 
tive  and  direct — United  States  probably  in  prophecy 
— Her  extent,  growth,  power,  a  Free  Nationality — 
Date  of  the  Fifth  Power— Judges— The  Little  Horn 
— Outside  the  Roman  Empire. 

The  mountain,  or  the  mountain  of  the  house 
of  the  Lord,  the  Ancient  of  days,  or  Israel  re- 
stored, unitedly  symbolize  the  United  States 
of  America. 

Our  proofs  of  this  proposition  are  both  pre- 
sumptive and  direct. 

A  few  presumptive  proofs  may  be  given. 

If  the  United  States  are  not  represented 
by  the  mountain  and  the  Ancient  of  days, 
as  corroborated  and  explained  by  coincident 
prophecies,  then  are  they  excluded  from  the 
great  system  of  prophecy.  They  cannot  of 
course  be  symbolized  by  any  section  of  the 
image  down  to  its  toes,  or  by  the  successive 
beasts  even  to  the  horns  of  the  fourth.  No  one 
will  imagine  this  to  be  the  case.  There  is  then 
no  place  for  the  glorious  nationality  of  the  New 

(53) 


54  THE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 

World  up  to  this  very  point  in  the  vision.  That 
it  is  not  represented  later  will  hereafter  appear. 
If  the  model  republic  as  it  has  existed  is  not 
represented  here,  it  is  Excluded  from  the  scope 
of  distinctive  prophectic  vision. 

Is  it  at  all  probable  that  the  great  republic 
should  be  left  out  of  prophecy  ? 

Consider  her  territorial  extent  as  being  ten 
times  larger  than  France  and  England  com- 
bined, one  sixth  less  only  than  the  fifty-nine  or 
sixty  empires,  states,  and  republics  of  Europe, 
and  of  equal  or  larger  extent  than  any  of  the 
old  empires  that  preceded  her  in  history — her 
rapid  amazing  growth  in  population  and  all  the 
elements  of  national  greatness,  her  position  as 
the  representative  of  the  entire  New  World — 
her  sublime  system  of  government,  the  wonder 
and  admiration  of  the  world — the  mighty  and 
universal  influence  she  has  wielded — the  fact 
that  no  nation  has  been  found  to  cope  with  her 
in  war  or  on  the  field  of  general  politics,  mani- 
festing the  further  fact  that  she  has  actually 
held  the  reins  of  preeminent  dominion — and  in 
view  of  these  and  other  facts  and  considerations 
th^t  might  be  adduced,  is  it  at  all  probable  that 
the  great  western  power  should  be  left  out  of 
prophecy  ? 


IN    PROPHECY.  55 

The  question  derives  still  greater  force  from 
the  character  of  the  United  States  as  a  free  re- 
publican government.  That  the  Almighty  is 
opposed  to  despotism  is  plain  from  the  express 
declarations  of  his  word — from  the  fact  that 
despotic  governments  are  characterized  as  wild 
beasts  which  he  will  providentially  destroy — 
from  his  selection  of  ancient  Israel,  a 
free  republic,  as  his  peculiar  people  and 
from  his  decision  that  their  request  of  a  king 
was  the  rejection  of  himself.  We  can  call  the 
Most  High  to  account  for  none  of  his  matters ; 
but  can  we  suppose  from  data  thus  furnished  in 
his  word  that  he  would  bring  prominently  for- 
ward on  the  arena  of  prophetic  vision  the  des- 
potisms he  hates  and  will  destroy,  and  utterly 
ignore  such  a  great  and  free  nationality  as  the 
United  States,  which  accorded  in  spirit  with  the 
teachings  of  his  word  and  exercised  an  in- 
fluence so  vast  and  beneficial  upon  the  affairs  of 
mankind  ? 

Let  it  be  asked  again  with  emphasis,  Has  dis- 
tinctive prophetic  vision  totally  failed  to  discover 
the  New  World  ?  Does  it  cease  with  the  toes  of 
the  image,  the  horns  of  the  fourth  beast,  the 
fragments  of  the  old  Roman  empire  ?  Is  there 
to  be  no  national  centre  for  the  succeeding  scene 


5G  THE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 

of  glory,  as  thore  has  been  fcfv  the  preceding  sea- 
son of  gloom  and  sorrow  ?  If  the  United 
States  be  not  the  fifth  kingdom,  it  is  because  the 
fifth  3ynibols,  and,  by  consequence,  the  sixth  also, 
are  wholly  spiritual  in  their  character.  This,  aa 
we  have  seen,  cannot  be  the  case. 

Let  us  notice  the  direct  proofs  that  the 
mountain  and  the  Ancient  of  days  synibolizc 
the  United  States  of  America.  The  date  at 
which  the  mountain  of  the  Lord's  house  should 
appear.  Is  given  in  the  collateral  prophecies  re- 
ferred to  as  ^'the  last  days."  This  phra.se  would 
be  naturally  understood  to  mean  the  Christian 
era,  characterized  by  the  apostle  even  in  his  day 
as  "  the  last  times."  It  must  further  signify  a 
late  period  in  the  Christian  era ;  for,  as  we  have 
seen,  this  is  none  other  than  Israel  restored, 
which  event  is  located  by  the  prophets,  as  all 
agree,  many  ages  after  the  appearance  of  Christ- 
ianity in  the  world. 

The  vision  of  the  Ancient  of  days  fixes  the 
date  more  specifically.  Not  to  insist  at  all  on 
Dr.  Baldwin's  calculations,  which  cofne  down 
with  remarkable  precision  to  July  4,  1776,  as  the 
frsf  period,  it  is  clear  from  Daniel's  vision,  that 
tlie  fifth  kingdom  was  to  appear  after  the  ten 
kingdoms   symbolized    by    the    ten    toes  of  the 


IN   PROPHECY.  57 

image  and  the  ten  horns  of  the  fourth  heast  had 
arisen.  It  was  to  appear  further  after  the  Uttle 
horn  or  popery  arose;  after  that  power  had 
long  worn  out  the  saints  of  the  Most  High  and 
shortly  before  the  overthrow  of  his  temporal 
dominion.  In  connection  with  the  appearance 
of  the  Ancient,  the  prophet  says,  "I  beheld  then 
because  of  the  great  words  which  the  hotn 
spake,  I  beheld  even  till  the  beast  was  slain, 
and  his  body  destroyed,  and  given  to  the  burning 
flame."  Dan.  vii.  11.  The  beast  in  this  verse  is 
the  little  horn  itself,  and  not  the  Roman  empire 
out  of  which  it  sprung.  His  body  or  temporal 
dominion  is  consumed.  And  this  consuming  is 
placed  after  the  Ancient  of  days  came,  and  in  im- 
mediate connection,, verse  1%,  with  the  coming  of 
one  like  the  Son  of  man.  In  further  expla- 
nation, verses  21,  22,  the  prophet  says  this 
little  horn  "  made  war  with  the  saints  and  pre- 
vailed against  them,  until  the  Ancient  of  days 
came,  and  judgment  was  given  to  the  saints  of 
the  Most  High."  And  again  :  The  saints  were 
to  be  given  into  the  hand  of  the  little  horn 
"  until  a  time  and  times  and  the  dividing  of 
time."  This  period  is  according  to  the  learned 
generally,  1260  years.  This  number  is  reached 
by  understanding  the  time  and  times  and  dividing 


58  THE    CONFEDERATE  STATES 

of  time,  to  bo  three  and  a  half  times,  or  years; 
which,  reckoningas  the  Jews  did,  thirty  days  to  the 
month,  wouM  amount  to  1260  prophetic  days,  or 
years.  This  period  commenced,  as. the  niajority 
of  interpreters  think,  with  the  decree  of  Phocas 
constituting^  the  Pope  supreme  head  of  the 
Church,  in  606.  These  calculations,  and  we  shall 
not  here  examine  the  question  of  their  correct- 
ness, would  place  the  destruction  of  the  body  of 
the  little  horn  within  the  decade  npon  which  we 
have  now  entered.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  the 
States  of  the  Church  have,  within  a  few  months, 
been  absorbed  by  the  kingdom  of  Italy,  and  the 
body  of  the  little  horn  is  in  effect  no  more,  unless 
it  should  revive  for  a  little  season  amid  the  con- 
vulsions soon  to  occur  in  Europe.  The  Ancient 
was  to  arise  as  a  great  and  glorious  poTver  before, 
and  not  very  long  before,  the  current  period,  and 
can  be  no  other  than  the  United  States. 

This  conclusion  is  abundantly  confirmed  by 
the  fact,  that  the  Ancient  was  to  bo  instrumental 
in  the  destruction  of  the  little  liorn  just  as  truly, 
thouurh  apparently  not  so  directly,  as  the  stone 
was  to  break  in  pieces  the  reconstructed  Roman 
empire.  The  born  made  war  with  the  saints 
<'  until  the  Ancient  of  days  came."  It  seems 
that    from    the   Ancient,  judgment    proceeded 


IN  PROPHECY.  &9 

against  the  horn,  which  was  to  be  executed  by 
others.  Now  the  doctrine  or  fiery  stream  of 
American  freedom,  civil  and  ecclesiastical,  has 
scorched  and  withered  papal  no  less  than  other 
despotisms.  And  the  more  so  as  it  was  in  this 
case  a  compound  influence  against  a  compound 
despotism.  It  is  entirely  manifest  that  the 
rapid  decline  and  final  extinction  of  popery,  as  a 
temporal  power,  are  directly  traceable  to  the  popu- 
lar revolutions  of  Europe  beginning  with  the 
French  revolution,  including  the  policy  and  wars 
of  Napoleon,  which  shook  that  power  to  its 
centre,  together  with  succeeding  convulsions, 
embracing  those  of  1859-60.  And  these  popu- 
lar revolutions  are  in  their  turn  as  directly 
traceable  to  the  example,  the  doctrine,  and  the 
influence  of  the  United  States.  The  Ancient  of 
days  must  be  therefore  the  United  States,  be- 
cause here  and  here  only  is  this  coincidence  to 
be  found. 

The  fifth  kingdom  was  to  arise  outside  the 
Roman  empire  alike  in  its  united  and  its  broken 
state.  The  Ancient  of  days  is  entirely  distinct 
from  the  fourth  beast  and  his  horns.  And  the 
fact  that  he  appears  during  the  existence  of 
these  horns  and  of  the  little  horn,  is  further  indi- 
cative of  the  fact  that  in  locality  or  territory  he 


6A  THE  <;ONFfiDERATE    BTATES 

is  separate  and  distinct  IVoin  thom.  l>r.  linld- 
yf'ui  calculates  that  the  ten  thousand  times  ten 
thousand  who  stoo>/  before  the  Ancient,  amount 
to  about  the  actual  population  of  Kuroj)e  at  the 
rise  of  the  United  States,  while  the  thousand 
thousands,  /.  r.,  three  thousand,  would,  by  the  same 
rule  of  multiplication,  amount  to  the  three  mil- 
lion then  inhabitinjj  the  United  Slates. 

The  fact  that  the  tiftli  kinL'dom  is  out,side  the 
Roman  empire  is  still  more  manifest  from  the 
kind's  vision.  The  stone  strikes  the  feet  of  the 
image,  or  reconstructed  empire,  from  without.  It 
is  outside  therefore  the  Roman  empire,  even  in 
its  reconstruction.  Now,  the  stone  is  cut  out  of 
the  mountain,  and  the  territorial  locality  is  of 
course  the  same.  If  therefore  Uic  stone  was  out- 
side the  Roman  empire,  so  was  the  mountain, 
or  fifth  kiiii^doni,  out  of  which  it  is  taken. 

Now,  the  Roman  empire  included  western 
Asia,  northern  Africa,  and  Europe  as  far  west  as 
the  British  Isles.  -         '  •         *% 

There  has  been  no  great  and  glorious  Christ- 
ian nationality  arising  outside  the  llonian  em- 
pire, and  arising  too,  as  we  have  seen,  after  it 
was  broken  into  fragments,  and  after  the  little 
lioni  or  popery  had  long  existed,  and  instrumen- 
tal in  the  destruction  of  the  little  horn,  except- 


IN  PROPHECY.  61 

ing  the  United  States  of  America.  The  great 
republic  must  therefore,  of  necessity,  be  symbol- 
ized as  the  fifth  kingdom,  by  the  mountain,  or 
mountain  of  the  house  of  the  Lord,  and  by  the 
Ancient  of  days,  or  Israel  restored  in  the  antitype. 
We  can  see,  even  at  this  stage  of  the  investiga- 
tion, no  escape  from  this  conclusion. 

It  seems  to  be  intimated  that  the  fifth  king- 
dom should  be  of  comparatively  short  duration. 

In  the  king's  dream,  the  Roman  empire  is  rep- 
resented as  the  legs',  feet,  and  toes  of  the  image, 
while  the  mountain  is  mentioned  as  intervening 
between  the  toes  and  the  Stone.  The  empire, 
according  to  the  symbols  and  to  history,  occupies 
a  vast  tract  in  the  annals  of  mankind.  The  ap- 
parently casual  mention  of  the  mountain,  may 
signify  its  short  duration  as  compared  with  that 
of  the  preceding  empire,  as  well  of  that  ever- 
lasting kingdom  which  succeeds. 

The  same  seems  indicated  in  the  other  vision. 
The  ancient  does  not  appear  ^'  until"  the  little 
horn  had  worn  out  the  saints  for  a  long  period ; 
and  when  he  had  succeeded  in  destroying  the 
little  horn,  he  gives  way  after  a  brief  and  glorious 
day  to  the  one  like  the  Son  of  man. 

When  the  other  prophets  speak  of  Israel  re- 
etored,    they   almost   immediately  speak,  as  we 


G2  THE     CONFEPERATE     STATES 

shall  f*ce^  of  Israel  in  trouble  and  Tsruol  divided. 
Ai'tcr  tiie  luention  of  the  mountain  of  the  house 
of  the  Lord,  as  in  Micah,  the  scene  is  8oon  pre- 
sented of  the  travail  of  the  dauj^hter  of  Ziou, 
and  the  birth  of  a  man  child,  or  final  nationality. 
From  all  our  pmjthetic  sources  we  gather  in- 
limalitms  that  the  tifth  kinudom  is  of  brief  du- 
ration. The  United  iStates  existed  as  a  glorious 
republic  eighty-four  years. 

The  fifth  kingdom  is  of  vast  extent  of  territory. 

Now,  the  mountain  is  not  mentioned  in  the 
original  statement  oi'  the  dream,  excepting  that 
the  inference  is  furnished  that  as  the  stone 
kingdom  is  cut  out,  thit^re  must  be  an  antecedent 
something  from  which  it  is  taken,  and  that  as 
the  Htone  is  a  nationality,  this  anteeident,  of 
whose  nature  it  must  partake,  is  also  a  nation- 
ality or  civil  governmeut.  This  original  state- 
ment is  very  brief,  and  this  hiatus,  is  tilled,  in  the 
explanation  following,  by  *'  the  mountain."  This 
apparently  ea."<ual  njontion  has  served  to  divert 
attention  Irom  the  impurlance  ol'  the  mountain, 
and  illustrates  the  fact  that  the  vision  of  pro- 
phecy was  closed  and  sealed  up  until  the  time  of 
the  end.* 

jJut  if  the  mountain  is  kit  out  of  the  original 


IN   PROPHECY.  63 

account  of  the  dream,  the  same  is  true  of  the 
toes,  which  are  mentioned  afterward.  And  if 
this  does  not  underrate  the  importance  of  the 
toes,  neither  does  it  deny  the  value  of  the  moun- 
tain. While  the  latter  is  not  so  conspicuous  as 
the  stone,  yet  as  it  here  appears,  and  especially 
as  synchronizing  with  the  Ancient  and  with  the 
mountain  of  the  house  of  the  Lord,  it  has  great 
value  of  its  own. 

The  term  mountain,  as  here  used,  signifies  not 
only  government,  but  as  compared  with  the  pro- 
ceeding symbols,  and  with  the  facts  stated  as  to 
the  stone  that  it  became  "  a  great  mountainy'  and 
filled  the  whole  earth,  it  signifies  a  government 
of  large  territorial  extent. 

The  same  is  inferable  from  its  position  in  this 
and  the  other  vision.  In  both  it  so  intervenes 
between  the  preceding  empires  and  the  final 
kingdom  as  to  transfer  the  reins  of  empire  from 
the  former  to  the  latter.  And  as  the  preceding 
empires  were  immense,  and  as  the  final  one  be- 
comes so,  such  must  be  the  case  with  the  one 
that  fills  the  intervening  vacuum.  In  the  col- 
lateral prophecies,  too,  this  fifth  empire  is  repre- 
sented as  the  centre  of  the  world's  emigration, 
which  can  be  true  only  of  a  large  country. 

The  same  is  more  clearly  seen  in  the  fact  that 


64r  THE     CONFEDERATE     STATES 

the  mountain  is  of  sufficient  territorial  vastnesi 
to  give  off  from  itself,  and  out  of  it.self,  the  final 
controlling  government  of  the  world.  The  stone 
itself  ifl  of  Bufficient  size  and  strength  (though 
not  wholly  its  own)  to  break  in  pieces  th»  great 
image.  This  stone  in  not,  it  would  seem,  cut  off 
as  a  distant  appendage,  but  "  cutout"  of  the  main 
body  of  the  government ;  and  while  carrying 
with  it  the  main  strength  of  the  government, 
leaves  the  most  of  its  territory  behind.  For 
when  the  stone  is  cut  out,  it  is  plain  that  the 
largest  part  of  the  mountain  still  remains. 
Before  this  cutting  out,  the  stone  certainly  con- 
stituted part  of  the  mountain,  the  two  forming 
one  nationality,  and  it  necessarily  follows  that  it 
was  one  of  immense  extent. 

This  territorial  vastness  is  further  manifest, 
from  the  fact  that  the  Ancient  of  days  has  his 
throne  on  wheels.  Pillars  would  denote  fixedness, 
but  wheels  signify  motion.  Is  not  this  expressive 
of  a  moving,  advancing,  expanding  nationality — 
one  too,  that  has  for  its  rapid  development  a  vast 
region  to  be  overrun  gradually,  and  yet  rapidly, 
by  these  chariot  wheels.  And  this  advance  on 
wheels  signifies  that  the  large  country  thus 
brought  under  sway,  is  not  a  distant  province 
acrot<8  the  sea,  but  a  vast  united  territory,  such 
as  the  great  republic  has  alone  possessed. 


'      '        IN   PROPHECY.  65 

The  fifth  kingdom  is  a  vast  western  wilderness 
settled  by  emigration,  and  rapidly  developed  into 
a  great  Christian  nationality. 

A  Wilderness — "  In  the  latter  years  thou 
shalt  come  into  the  land  that  is  brought  back 
from  the  sword,  and  is  gathered  out  of  many 
people,  against  the  mountains  of  Israel,  which 
have  been  always  waste ;  but  is  brought  forth 
out  of  many  nations,  and  they  shall  dwell  safely 
all  of  them.''     (Ezek.  xxxviii.  8.) 

Here  it  is  expressly  stated  that  the  land  of 
Israel  restored  has  been  always  waste.  It  is  also 
a  land  brought  back  from  the  sword.  The  sword 
symbolizes  war.  Is  it  not  here  stated  that  the 
land  of  Israel  restored  was  a  wilderness — had 
never  been  cultivated — and  yet  was  inhabited?  in- 
habited, too,  by  people  whose  employment  was 
not  agriculture  but  war  ?  This  savage  people 
must  have  been  divided  into  nations  or  tr\bes, 
as  signified  by  the  fact  that  their  business  was 
war.  The  same  land  is  stated  to  have  been  a  wil- 
derness ''  from  of  old."  The  prophet  further 
refers  to  all  the  "  inhabited  parts  of  the  countty," 
plainly  intimating  that  after  the  settlement  of 
Israel,  there  were  parts  of  the  country  not  in- 
habited. IIow  well  this  agrees  with  the  idea  of 
national  expansion  set  forth  in  the  moving  wheels 
3 


GG  THE      CON FEDERATE     STATEg 

of  the  Ancient's  chariot  throne.  AU  this  i.s  true 
of  (ho  couutry  occupied  and  developcnl  by  the 
United  States,  as  seen  in  the  rapid  addition  of 
territories  and  states  to  her  dominion. 

A  Western  Land. — "  Surely  the  isles  shall 
wnit  for  me,  and  the  ships  of  Tarshish  first,  to 
briiiir  tliy  sons  from  far."     (Isa.  Ix.  9.) 

"The  term  *  isles'  was  applied  anciently  to 
Europe  and  all  countries  west  of  Asia  Minor. 
Those  vast  countries  supposed  to  exist  in  the 
Atlantic,  west  of  Gibraltar,  are  also  termed  isles, 
by  both  Plato  and  Diodorus  Siculus." — Baldwin. 

The  waiting  of  the  isles,  is  precisely  applicable 
to  the  mountains  of  Israel,  that  were  always  waste 
until  settled  and  cu-ltivated  by  the  modern  Israel 
of  God. 

Tarshish  was  tho  most  ancient  name  of  Spain, 
by  whose  ships  the  waiting  isles  were  "  first"  dis- 
covered. 

"  To  bring  thy  sons  from  far,"  signifies  the  im- 
mense distance  of  these  isles  from  the  countries 
iroiii  which  eniigration  should  come  to  them. 

The  emigrants  being  carried  in  ships  to  the 
isles,  signifies  that  they  lie  across  the  ocean.  In- 
deed, the  term  isles  would  imply  the  necessity  of 
a  voyage  to  reach  them. 


^  IN    PROPHECY.  67 

But  they  shall  fly  upon  the  shoulders  of  the 
Philistines  toward  the  west.     (Isa.  xi.  14.) 

Flying  upon  the  shoulders  of  others,  means 
transportation  by  others.  Toward  the  west,  sig- 
nifies that  that  is  the  direction  of  the  Israel  of 
God.  It  is  emigration  to  the  far  off  isles  across 
the  sea,  or  the  western  land  that  was  "  always 
waste." 

The  place  of  Israel  restored  being  the 
western  world,  agrees  with  the  fact  that  the  stone, 
and  by  consequence  the  mountain  out  of  which 
it  is  taken,  is  outside  the  Roman  empire  ;  and  with 
the  fact  that  while  the  Ancient  of  days  was  sur- 
rounded by  thousand  thousands,  the  ten  thou- 
sand times  ten  thousand  stood  hefore  him  for 
judgment  in  the  region  beyond  his  own  domain,' 
and  occupied  by  the  little  horn  and  kindred 
despotisms. 

The  land  of  Israel  restored  is  the  great  centre 
of  emigration  for  the  nations  of  the  world.  In 
the  prophecies  of  the  mountain  of  the  house  of 
the  Lord,  it  said  that  ^^all  nations  shall  flow 
unto  it."  (Isa.  xi.  2.)  This  fact  repeatedly 
spoken  of  by  the  prophets,  is  intimated  in  the 
fact  that  the  fifth  kingdom,  though  of  short  du- 
ration, is  nevertheless  a  vast  mountain,  and  that 


QS  THK     CONFrDERATE     STATLS 

the  Ancient  moves  forward  on  the  \Ybecls  of  bis 
chariot  throne. 

The  vast  emigration  in  which  Israel  is  jrnth- 
cred  out  of  many  nations,  answers  to  and  fiiltils 
the  Scriptures,  which  predict  that  God's  peculiar 
people  shall  be  brought  buck  from  their  disper- 
sionfi.  One  prophet  says,  ''  I  will  surely  as- 
semble thee,  Jacob,  all  of  thee."  (Mic.  ii.  12.) 
Another  conveys  the  assurance  that  the  outcasts 
of  Israel,  and  the  dispensed  of  Judah  from  the 
four  corners  of  the  earth,  shall  be  assembled. 
(Lsa.  xi.  12.)  Another  says,  ''  I  will  gather  the 
remnant  of  my  flock  out  of  all  countries  whither 
I  have  driven  them."  (Jer.  xxiii.  8.)  "I  will  bring 
again  the  captivity-  of  my  people  Israel  aHd 
Judah." 

And  will  the  ten  lost  tribes  of  "  Israel"  as  well 
as  "Judah,"  be  brought  back  to  literal  Palestine, 
and  will  that  be  the  centre  of  emigration  for  all 
nations,  and  the  capital  of  the  world  ?  Is  is  not 
impossible  and  absurd  ?  Israel  I'allen  in  the 
valley  of  dry  bones,  even  very  dry,  were  to  be 
raised  to  life.  The  identity  of  the  resurrection 
bodies  is  seen  in  sameness  of  bones,  the  difference 
in  newness  of  flesh  and  sinews,  and  skin  and 
spirit  J    and  the  antitype  is  rendered  still  I'urther 


IN   PROPHECY.  69 

glorious  by  the  multiplication  of  the  bones  into 
an  exceeding  great  army. 

The  wilderness  state  of  the  land  of  Israel 
previous  to  its  settlement,  answers  to  the  desola- 
tions of  many  generations  which  have  overtaken 
literal  Judea.  "* 

The  little  country  of  Judea  was  typical  of  a 
broader  and  more  glorious  land,  so  vast  as  that 
the  great  mountain  occupies  only  the  inhabited 
parts  of  the  country,  and  the  Ancient  of  days 
sits  to  the  very  last  upon  his  chariot  throne,  whose 
flying  wheels  are  as  burning  fire. 

The  old  type  was  in  the  old  world,  the  glorious 
antitype  is  in  the  new,  as  the  final  theatre  of 
God's  kingdom  before  the  renovation  of  the  earth 
by  fire. 

The  land  is  the  antitype  of  Judea,  the  people, 
as  Christians,  the  antitype  of  the  Jews ;  and  the 
glorious,  pure,  energetic  nationality  symbolized 
by  the  Ancient  of  days,  fulfils  the  nationality  of 
God's  ancient  people.  In  no  particular  is  there, 
or  could  there  be,  a  repetition  of  the  type,  but 
everywhere  the  glorious  antitype  appears.  And 
this  antitype  appears,  as  to  its  first  realization,  in 
the  United  States,  and  cannot  possibly  be  found, 
according  to  prophetic  intimations  as  to  time,  lo- 
cality, and  description,  anywhere  else. 


70  THE     CONFEDERATE     STATES 

The  fifth  kingdom,  or  Israel  resorcd,  is  a  free 
government.  Such  was  ancient  Israel,  and  such 
must  be  the  restored  Israel  of  God. 

The  image  and  the  beasts  confessedly  symbol- 
ize despotic  governments — such  is  the  meaning  of 
the  symbols  and  such  is  the  witness  of  history  on 
the  subject.  The  stone  is  in  entire  contrast  with 
the  image  which  it  breaks  in  pieces,  and  this 
contrast  necessarily  implies  free  government. 
The  mountain  was  of  necessity  of  the  same  gen- 
eral character  with  the  stone  before  the  stone 
was  cut  out  of  it,  though  a  change  in  character 
might  have  occasioned  the  separation  of  the 
stone.     The  mountain  is  then  a  free  government. 

The  same  is  indicated  in  the  other  vision  by 
the  contrast  between  the  one  like  the  Son  of 
man  and  the  glorious  Ancient  of  days,  with  whom 
he  obviously  agrees  in  spirit,  and  the  wild  beasts 
that  preceded  them. 

The  utter  contrast  of  these  symbols  with  those 
of  preceding  despotisms,  is  indicative  of  the 
highest  ideal  of  free  government,  both  in  spirit 
and  in  form.  This  highest  ideal  in  spirit  would 
allow  the  utmost  freedom  of  the  individual  man, 
consistent  with  the  peace  and  safety  of  the  body 
politic.  The  contrast  in  this  respect  is  indicated 
in  the  difTerence  in  spirit  of  huma^e  men,  one  of 


IN  PROPHECY.  71 

whom  is  even  like  the  meek  and  lowly  '^  Son  of 
man,"  and  the  terrible  beasts  of  prey,  and  is 
Been  further  m/onn,  between  the  erect  form  of 
man,  with  benignity  and  intelligence  in  his  face, 
and  that  of  the  prone,  and  filthy,  and  voracious 
brute.  The  same,  both  as  to  spirit  and  form,  is 
seen  in  the  stone,  which,  as  the  opposite  of  des- 
potism, is  certainly  the  final  ideal  of  free  "-ov- 
ernment.  This  being  a  free  republic,  such,  also, 
must  be  the  character  of  the  mountain,  out  of 
which  it  is  taken,  and  with  which  it  agrees. 

Ancient  Israel  was  a  theocratic  democracy, 
and  the  promise  as  to  Israel  restored  is,  that  ''I 
will  restore  thy  judges  as  at  the  first,  a^d  thy 
counselors  as  at  the  beginning."  Again  :  "Their 
nobles  shall  be  of  themselves,  and  their  governor 
from  the   midst  of  them." 

The  fifth  kingdom  or  Israel  restored,  is  a  feder- 
tive  republic. 

The  preceding  despotisms  all  included  many 
departments,  provinces,  or  kingdoms  in  one ;  and 
it  would  be  reasonable  to  expect  that  a  national- 
ity, so  vast  and  eo  mighty  as  to  succeed  them  in 
preeminent  dominion,  should  be,  in  this  respect, 
sniiilar.  The  ease  is  stronger,  in  view  of  the 
fact  that  the  fifth  government  is  a  free  republic 
A  kingdom,  however  great  in  extent,  may  be  ruled 


72  THE    CONFEDERATE   STATES 

by  the  sword  as  one.  But  a  vast  free  gOTorn- 
nicnt,  reshnt::  on  tlic  conscpt  of  the  governed, 
could  hnrdly  avoid  oppression  somewhere,  unless 
itH  action  were  niodilied  and  restrained  by  local 
governments. 

That  such  is  the  character  of  the  fifth  king- 
dom, the  Scriptures  clearly  teach.  The  cutting 
of  the  stone  out  oi'  the  mountain  implies  a  block- 
ing off  of  some  of  those  separate  subordinate 
governments  in  a  confederate  republic,  rather 
than  the  iearing  out  of  an  integral  portion  of  a 
vast  consolidated  empire.  And  it  would  require 
less  of  effort  and  violence  to  do  the  former  than 
the  latter. 

Now,  this  mountain  in  tlie  king's  vision  is  no 
other  than  the  mountain  of  the  Lord's  house, 
spoken  of  by  Isaiah,  ii.  2,  and  Micah  v.  1. 
Note  the  description:  ''The  house  of  the  Lord" 
is  his  church.  "  The  mountain"  which,  in  the 
prophetic  symbols,  signifies  goverjjmcnt,  is  the 
nationality  connected  witli  the  house  of  God — a 
glorious  christian  govcrnSiont.  This  is  estab- 
lished in  the  top  of  other  ''  mountains,"  also 
symbolic  of  governments. 

Here  is  a  government  established  in  the  top  of 
other  governments — the  federal  government  in 
the  top  of  the  state  governments.     This  is  in  ae- 


IN   PROPHECY.  73 

cordance  with  the  interpretation  of  mountains, 
as  laid  down  in  Home's  Introduction,  Vol.  II. 
p.  466 :  "  High-  mountains,  and  lofty  hills,  denote 
kingdoms,  republics,  states  and  cities.^'  The 
reader  is  referred  to  dictionaries  of  symbols  on 
this  subject.  Wc  cannot  surely  explain  this  pas- 
sage literally ;  and  to  understand  "  the  moun- 
tain" in  a  symbolic  sense,  signifying  a  govern- 
ment, and  "the  mountains"  which  follow,  as 
literal  mountains,  as  Dr.  Baldwin  seems  to  do,  is 
to  mar  the  consistency  and  harmony  of  the  text. 
The  United  States  may  occupy,  literally,  as  Prof. 
Maury  asserts,  the  highest  part  of  the  earth  j  and 
if  so,  it  may  be  in  allusion  to  this  fact,  that  the 
nations  are  said  to  go  up  to  it.  But  the  hypoth- 
esis, whether  true  or  not  true,  has  nothing  to  do 
with  the  "  mountains"  here  mentioned.  These 
arc,  in  accordance  with  sacred  symbols,  govern- 
ments, and  the  meaning  of  the  figure  is,  we 
think,  that  of  one  government  established  in  the 
top  of  other  governments.  Israel  restored  is  a 
federal  nationality. 

The  federal  character  of  the  fifth  kingdom  is 
further  manifest,  from  the  fact  that  it  is  Lsrael 
restored.  The  ancient,  peculiar  people  of  God, 
was  a  collection  of  twelve;  afterwards,  of  thirteen 
tribes.-    Their   tribeship  was   far   more  obvious 


74  TUE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 

than  their  federative  character.  The  forincr  waa 
eseential ;  the  latter,  as  found  in  the  leadership 
of  all  the  tribes  by  Moses  and  Joshua,  was  of  a 
more  incidental,  and  partial,  and  temporary 
character.  So  strongly  was  consolidation  in  their 
government  resisted,  that  even  after  the  reign  of 
partial  anarchy  in  the  time  of  the  Judges,  the 
Almighty  decided  that  the  request  of  a  king  by 
his  people  was  the  rejection  of  himself  as  their 
ruler.  The  idea  of  Israel's  nationality  was  that 
of  many  in  one  of  the  several  equal  tribes,  with 
a  visible  centre  of  unity  under  the  common 
headship  and  control  of  Almighty  God. 

The  federative  character  of  the  fifth  kingdom 
is  cleary  discoverable  in  the  vision  of  the  Ancient 
of  days.  He  is  represented  as  coming  when  the 
thrones  are  cast  down.  Any  one  who  has  a  He- 
brew bible  and  lexicon,  and  is  prepared  to  use 
them,  cuu  at  once  satisfy  himself  that  the  orig- 
inal word  rendered  "  cast  down,"  as  truly  means 
*' set  up,  or  erected."  There  can  be  no  sort  of 
doubt  on  this  point. 

Dr.  Clarke,  on  this  passage,  says  :  **The  word 
Hemayu  might  be  translated  erected;  so  the 
Vulgate  positi  sunt,  and  so  all  the  versions." 
Bishop  Newton,  in  quoting  the  passage,  renders 
*'  till    the    thrones   were    cast    down"    ''  till   the 


IN   PROPHECY.  75 

thrones  were  set  up  ;"  and  in  the  margin  quotes 
the  Vulgate,  Septuagint,  Syriac,  and  Arabic,  as 
agreeing  in  this  translation.  He  further  says, 
the  same  word  is  used  in  the  Chaldee  paraphrase 
of  Jer.  i.  15;  they  shall  sit  every  one  on  his 
throne.  Matthew  Henry  says  :  "  I  beheld  till 
the  thrones  were  set  up  ;  so  it  might  as  well  be 
read.'^  Frey,  a  Hebrew,  in  his  lexicon,  trans- 
lates rcniayu  by  erecti  sunt — were  erected. 
The  Septuagint  has  etethesan,  placed,  the  same 
in  meaning  with  the  term  posit i  in  the  Vulgate. 
So  much  for  the  question  of  philology  here  in- 
volved. 

The  movement  of  the  thrones,  whatever  it 
may  be,  is  preparatory  to  the  sitting  of  the  An- 
cient of  days.  ^'  I  beheld  till  the  thrones  were 
cast  down,  aiid  the  Ancient  of  days  did  sit.'' 
The  present  translation  involves  the  apparent  ab- 
surdity of  saying  that  the  thrones,  or  govern- 
ments, are  so  alarmed  at  the  very  approach  of 
the  Ancient,  as  to  fall  before  he  could  do  anything 
to  effect  their  overthrow.  These  thrones  falling, 
cannot  mean  the  destruction  of  the  little  horn, 
for  that  is  one,  and  is  destroyed  in  consequence 
of  the  action  of  the  Ancient  after  his  coming.  It 
cannot  mean  that  the  other  '^  horns"  of  the  beast 
fall,  preparatory  to  the  sitting  of  the  Ancient. 


70  THE   CON*TDERATE   STATES 

The  governments  said  to  have  fallen,  arc  callctl 
"thronef*,"  a«  distinguished  from  the  "horns/' 
If  the  Ancient  had  built  up  his  dominion  on  the 
Ihllen  "horns"  undoubtedly  it  would  have  been 
ptatcd,  as  in  the  case  of  the  little  horn,  before 
which  "  three  horns  were  plucked  up,"  Beside, 
the  "stone,"  and  not  the  uncient  or  mountain,  is 
said  to  have  destroyed  the  empire,  by  breaking 
the  ffeet  of  the  image. 

Nor  can  it  be  said,  on  the  other  hand,that  any 
of  these  horns  were  set  up  as  preparatory  to  the 
sitting  of  the  Ancient  of  days ;  for  these  horns 
had  appeared  long  before,  and  the  little  horn  had 
long  worn  out  the  saints  of  the  Most  High. 

In  truth,  it  cannot  be  rationally  said  that  any 
thrones,  outside  the  Ancient's  own  territory,  could 
possibly  be  either  cast  down  or  set  up,  prepara- 
tory to  his  coming.  If  the  thrones  included  in  his 
dominion  were  cast  down,  in  order  to  his  sitting, 
then  he  secures  his  high  place  like  the  beasts 
before  him,  by  the  subjugation  of  kingdoms; 
but  this  is  contradicted  by  the  entire  character 
of  the  Ancient,  as  in  contrast  with  the  beasts. 
Besides,  ho  cannot  cast  these  thrones  down,  to 
extend  his  dominion,  before  he  comes  and  sits, 
as  here"  represented.  Further,  the  action  of  the 
thrones  is  to  furnish  a  seat  for  the  Ancient,  which 


IN  PROPHECY.  77 

they  could  not  do  by  falling  to  the  ground ;  but 
by  lifting  themselves  up  in  might  and  majesty  to 
sustain  him.  The  prophecy  wag  realized  when 
the  thirteen  colonies  were  *'  set  up"  as  thrones, 
or  sovereign  and  independent  States,  and  as  such, 
united  to  furnish  a  seat  for  the  federal  govern*' 
ment  of  the  United  States.  In  this,  we  see  a 
union  of  the  thirteen  tribes  in  the  antitype,  or 
"  the  mountain  of  the  house  of  the  Lord,  estab- 
lished in  the  top  of  the  mountains." 

Bishop  Newton,  Dr.  Clarke,  and  others,  think 
the  scene  here  is  that  of  a  grand  sanhedrin  or 
council,  with  its  president  in  the  midst.  The 
idea  is  beautifully  appropriate.  The  Ancient 
takes  his  seat  when  the  thrones  are  placed 
around,  or  "set  up"  for  his  reception.  The  fed- 
eral government  sits  in  the  midst  of  the  States, 
united  with  him  in  sending  abroad  the  fiery 
stream  of  civil  and  religious  freedom  among  the 
despotisms  of  the  old  world. 

Dr.  Baldwin  has,  in  hm  Armageddon,  elabora- 
ted and  illustrated  a  very  useful  thought,  that  as 
ancient  Israel  contained  the  national  and  ecclesi- 
astical departments,  both  essential  to  human 
nature  and  society,  as  such,  the  same  is  true  of 
Israel  restored ;  and  that  these  two  departments 
are  distinctively  symbolized,  and  that  the  sym- 


i^ 


8  THE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 


bols  are  in  many  instances  repeated;  thus  fur- 
nishing four  symbols  :  two  for  the  one  department 
and  two  for  the  other,  just  as  Pharaoh's  dream  was 
repeated,  to  confirm  its  truth. 

Dr.  Chirke  notices  the  same  general  thought,  in 
his  note  on  Zech.  iv.  14,  in  speaking  of  Zerubbabel 
and  Joshua,  as  respectively  symbolizing  or  rep- 
resenting the  civil  and  ecclesiastical  departments 
of  Israel.  We  think  we  have  found  tliis  to  be 
true  in  the  symbols  of  Israel  restored.  Thus, 
in  the  vision  of  the  Ancient  of  days,  we  have  his 
name  and  venerable  appearance  signifying  that 
he  is  an  ancient  government,  reappearing,  or  Is- 
rael restored  in  antitype.  The  hojiry  head  rep- 
resents, further,  honor,  wisdom,  superiority,  etc. 
We  have  for  the  nationality,  the  Ancient  himself; 
for  the  church  idea  or  symbol,  his  goverrtment, 
which  is  white  as  snow.  Linen,  clean  and  white, 
is  "the  righteousness  of  the  saints."  The  sym- 
bol denotes  the  purity  of  the  church. 

The  symbols  are  repeated,  and  we  have  the 
Ancient's  throne,  which  signifies  government,  or 
nationality.  The  ''thrones"  are  set  up,  and  by 
their  union,  form  one  throne  for  the  Ancient, 
just  as  the  mountains  unite  their  tops  as  a  base 
for  the  great  mountain.  This  throne  is  a  fiery 
flame,  to  denote  the  purity,  energy,  and  strength 


IN    PROPHECY.  79 

of  the  nationality  thus  set  up.  The  church  de- 
partment is  further  expressed  in  the  wheels  of 
burning  fire.  Here,  the  image  of  fire,  as  indi- 
cating purity,  energy,  etc.,  in  the  government,  is 
intensified.  While  the  throne  is  of  fiery  flame, 
the  wheels  are  of  burning  fire,  as  signifying  the 
character  of  the  Christianity  developed  under  the 
Ancient  of  days.  The  Ancient  and  his  throne 
being  in  motion,  these  wheels,  denotes  a  rap- 
idly expanding  religion  and  nationality,  over  an 
extending  population,  in  a  wilderness  country. 
Such  has  been  the  case.  Population  has  ex- 
tended from  the  already  *'  inhabited  parts  of  the 
country,"  over  the  land  that  had  been  always 
waste,  and  a  pure  Christianity  has  gone  with 
them,  and  the  government  has  been  extended 
over  these  settlements,  first  as  territories,  and 
then  as  States,  resulting  in  a  vast  and  glorious 
christian  nationality,  the  wonder  and  admiration 
of  the  world. 


8(k  THE   CONFEDERATE   BTATEa 


CHAPTER    V. 

THE  CONFEDERATE  STATES. 

The  closing  symbols  represent  the  Confederate  States 
— The  stone  cut  out  of  the  mountain — without 
bands — Isa.  Ixvi.  7,  8. — Isa.  ii.,  iii.,  iv. — The  moun- 
tain of  the  house  of  the  Lord — The  trouble  of  Zion 
— The  seven  women — Micah  iv,,  v. — The  mountain 
of  the  bouse— rThe  remnant — The  first  dominion — 
The  birth  of  the  Savior — Birth  of  the  man  child — 
Seven  shepherds,  and  eight  principal  men — Thewa^. 

Having  shown  that  the  dream  of  Nebuchad- 
nezzer,  Dan.  ii.,  and  the  first  vision  of  Daniel, 
chap,  vii.,  fully  coincide  in  their  respective  six 
symbols ;  that  they  all  represent  civil  govern- 
ments, and  that  the  fifth  kingdom,  symbolized  by 
the  mountain  and  the  Ancient  of  days,  is  the 
United  States,  we  come  now  to  establish  the 
identity  of  the  closing  symbols,  the  stone  cut  out 
of  the  mountain,  and  the  one  like  the  Son  of 
man,  with  the  Confederate  States  of  America. 

It  may  be  asserted  with  entire  confidence,  that  if 
the  fifth  kingdom  be  the  United  States,  the  sixth 
is,  and  must  be,  the  Confederate  States.     The 


IN    IROPHECY.  81 

latter  nationality  was  cut  out  of  the  former — out 
of  the  very  body  of  the  government;  taking 
away  the  chief  strength  and  support  of  the  na- 
tional greatness,  and  leaving  the  larger  propor- 
tion of  the  territory  behind ;  all  which  we  under- 
stand to  be  indicated  by  the  figure  here  employed. 
It  was  cut,  not  torn  out — smoothly  blocked  away 
in  the  secession  of  the  States  as  such,  which, 
however,  on  account  of  the  formation  of  a  com- 
mon government,  as  well  as  their  perfect  homo- 
geneity in  institutions,  interest,  and  feeling,  as 
well  as  political  and  commercial  strength,  are 
represented  as  a  stone — as  emphatically  one  stone. 
The  stone  was  cut  out  of  the  mountain  without 
hands,  or,  as  the  margin  reads,  which  was  not  in 
hands.  The  original  lo  haidain  will  bear  either 
translation.  In  view  of  the  marginal  rendering, 
the  phrase  may  be  understood  to  mean  that  where 
no  semblance,  even,  of  separate  government  had 
existed,  no  reins  of  independent  empire  had  beea 
held  by  human  hands,  where  the  stone  was 
simply  part  of,  and  one  with,  the  mountain,  lo ! 
suddenly,  and  to  the  amazement  of  the  world,  a 
mighty  kingdom,  even  the  final  kingdom,  arose. 
We  consider  the  phrase  as  explained,  however, 
by  verse  44  :  *'  In  the  days  of  these  kings  shall 
the  God  of  heaven  set  up  a  kingdom."     This 


bl:  THE   CONFEDERATE   STATES 

notes  the  strictly  providential — the  Divine  oricrin 
of  the  stone  kingtloni.  But  it  signifies  further, 
that  the  kingdom  thus  set  up,  is  indeed  God's 
kingdom,  in  which  ho  will  ever  reign — from 
which  he  will  radiate  millennial  glory  over  the 
earth.  I 

The  setting  up  of  this  kingdom,  as  a  stone  cut 
out  of  the  mountain  without  hands,  denotes  the 
smallness  of  human  effort  and  means  actually  em- 
ployed in  its  erection.      By  a  sudden,  simultan- 
eous, amazing  impulse   of   the   people,   was   the 
secession  of  the  original  seven   States   brought     * 
about,  and  by  the  like  impulse,  when  additional     | 
momentum  was  given  to  the  movement,  did-  the 
other  four  States  follow  them.      If,  as  we  under-     j 
stand,  the  Savior  is  to  rule  in  the  sixth  kingdom,     | 
is  not  his  language  in  Matt.  xxiv.  27,  applicable     | 
to  the  manner  of  its  rise? — *'As   the   lightning     ! 
Cometh  out  of  the  east  and  shineth  even  unto  the 
west,  so  shall  also  the  coming  of  the  Son  of  man  be 
in  his  kingdom."     Thus,  with   lightning  swift- 
ness, did   the  movement  go  from  east  to  west, 
until  the  "seven"  States  were   ready  to  form  a 
common  government. 

This  coming  of  the  final  kingdom,  without  ■ 
observation  or  outward  show,  and  without  pre-  | 
vious  suflfcrings  of  a  political  redemption,  is  il-     j 


IN    PROPHECY.  83 

lustrated  in  Isaiah  Ixvi.  7,  8 :  ''  Before  slie  trav- 
ailed, she  brought  forth ;  before  her  pain  came, 
she  was  delivered  of  a  man  child.  Who  hath  heard 
such  a  thing  ?  Who  hath  seen  such  things  ? 
Shall  the  earth  be  made  to  bring  forth  in  one 
day,  or  shall  a  nation  be  born  at  once  ?  for  as 
soon  as  Zion  travailed,  she  brought  forth  her 
children.'* 

The  same  event  styled  the  birth  of  ''  a  man 
child,"  is  also  called  the  birth  of  "children;'* 
and  this  event,  it  is  clearly  intimated,  is  the  birth 
of  "  a  nation  at  once."  The  nation  thus  sudden- 
ly born,  sustains  the  idea  of  many  in  one.  In  one 
sense,  a  man  child ;  in  another  sense,  many  child- 
ren. This  birth  occurred  as  soon,  even  before, 
the  travail  of  Zion,  or  Israel,  in  the  antitype. 
Thus,  the  nation  did  not  arise  out  of  the  smoke 
and  carnage  of  war ;  but,  by  a  providential  im- 
pulse of  the  people,  was  "  born  at  once."  The 
vision  obviously  refers  to  the  future  Zion.  The 
event  is  followed  by  glory  and  joy  of  th€  "  Jeru- 
salem" in  the  final  antitype.  Verses  10-14  It 
will  soon  be  seen  that  this  birth  was,  in  another 
sense,  preceded  by  internal  commotion  and 
trouble.  It  is  also  declared  in  this  passage,  that 
in  the  enlarging  dominions  of  the  man  child, 
other  children  will  be  born,  besides  the  original 


84  THE    CONFEDERATE   STATES 

ones,  as  lias  already  been  realized,  and  as  the  fu- 
ture will  more  fully  reveal. 

The  mountain  in  the  king's  vision  being,  ^la 
we  have  seen,  the  mountain  of  the  house  of  the 
Lord,  established  in  the  top  of  the  mountains, 
or,  as  intimated,  in  the  vame  and  description  of 
the  Ancient  of  days,  Israel  restored  in  the  anti- 
type, or  United  States,  we  may  expect  to  find  in 
the  prophecies  relating  to  this  mountain,  a  divis- 
ion answering  to  the  cutting  of  the  stone  out  of 
the  mountain  without  hands.  Accordingly,  the 
division  of  Israel,  after  its  restoration,  is  just  as 
clearly  revealed  with  even,  as  we  believe,  the 
events  of  that  division,  as  they  have  recently 
occurred,  as  that  restoration  itself.  Israel  cho- 
sen, and  Israel  divided,  constituted  the  type. 
Israel  restored,  and  Israel  divided,  as  decisively 
constitute  the  antitype.  When  this  event  oc- 
curs, and  not  till  then,  the  antitype  becomes  per- 
fect. Old  Israel  was  divided,  and  while  most 
of  the  tribes  went  into  captivity,  and  were  lost, 
Judah  remained  until  after  the  coming  of  the 
Son  of  man.  Israel  restored  is  also  divided, 
and  while  the  majority  of  its  tribes,  or  States, 
go  into  captivity,  to  the  spirit  of  the  old  monar- 
chies, a  remnant  is  reserved,  as  the  kingdom  that 
shall  never  be  moved. 


IN   PROPHECY.  85 

The  reader  is  now  referred  to  Isaiah  ii.,  iii.,  iv. 
in  which  the  division,  after  the  restoration,  is 
intimated,  though  not  so  clearly  and  decisively, 
as  in  other  places  wc  shall  notice.  These  chap- 
ters plainly  constitute  one  connected  prophecy. 
Such,  too,  is  the  view  of  Clarke,  Scott,  and  others. 

In  the  2d  verse,  chap,  ii.,  we  have  the  moun- 
tain of  the  house  of  the  Lord  established  in  the 
top  of  the  mountains,  which,  as  synchronizing 
with  the  mountain  in  Nebuchadnezzar's  vision, 
and  with  Israel  restored,  we  have  identified  as 
the  United  States.  We  have  in  the  succeeding 
verses,  down  to  the  fourth,  inclusive,  a  glowing 
description  of  Israel  restored,  without  special 
reference  to  the  division,  excepting  that  the  4th 
verse  may  more  specially  refer  to  the  remnant 
after  the  division,  as  the  grand  instrument  in 
bringing  about  millennial  peace  and  glory  ;  when 
"  nation  shall  not  lift  up  sword  against  nation, 
neither  shall  they  learn  war  any  more."  This 
identity  of  Israel,  before  and  after  division,  is 
illustrated  in  the  type,  when  the  tribes  that  re- 
mained, after  the  loss  of  the  others,  retained  the 
inheritance,  as  to  emolument  and  promise,  which 
had  belonged  to  Israel  as  a  whole,  and  constitu- 
ted, indeed,  the  entire  Israel  of  God.  The  same 
is  further  illustrated  by  the  obvious  fact,  that  the 


86  THE   CONFEDERATE   STATES 

stone  partakes  of,  and  concentrates  the  cliaract<jr 
of  the  mountain  out  of  which  it  is  taken,  and 
inherits  from  it  the  final  dominion.  Thus,  too, 
the  one,  like  the  Son  of  man,  plainly  agrees  in 
spirit  with  the  Ancient  of  days,  and  takes  from 
him  the  kingdom ;  and  thus,  the  man  child  di- 
rectly succeeds  his  mother  in  the  glorious  inher- 
itance. As  the  typical  Israel  was  one,  notwith- 
standing the  typical  division,  so  the  antitypical 
Israel  is  one,  notwithstanding  the  antitypical  di- 
vision. As,  however,  the  fact  of  the  former 
division  is  recorded  in  history,  so  the  fact  of  the 
latter  division  is,  with  sufficient  clearness,  re- 
vealed in  prophecy. 

On  the  passage  under  consideration,  IJishop 
Lowth  says  :  <'There  needs  no  other  proof  that 
the  grand  accomplishment  of  this  prophecy  is 
reserved  to  some  future  period,  than  the  consid- 
sidcration  that  nothing  in  any  measure  answera- 
ble to  such  forcible  expressions,  has  yet  occurred 
on  earth."  The  former  part  of  this  prophecy, 
which  relates  to  the  establishment  of  the  moun- 
tain of  the  house  of  the  Lord,  as  the  great 
centre  of  human  immigration,  has  boon  fulfilled, 
in  the  rise  of  the  United  States,  and  the  remain- 
der, however  glorious,  will  be  realized,  when, 
after  the  great  "  time  of  trouble,"  which  has  now 


IN    PROPHECY.  87 

commenced,  is  over,  millennial  glory  shall  spread 
abroad,  from  the  final  remnant  of  Israel  as  its 
centre,  to  the  ends  of  the  earth.  As  the  begin- 
ning of  this  great  prophecy,  contained  in  these 
three  chapters,  is  future,  so  is  the  remainder  of 
it  future.  And,  after  the  above  sublime  outline, 
the  prophet  enters  into  details  as  to  the  division 
represented  in  the  cutting  of  the  stone  out  of 
the  mountain.  In  the  2d  and  3d  chapters,  are 
presented  the  apostasies  of  the  daughter  of  Zion. 
After  setting  forth  in  strong  eastern  phraseology, 
the  crimes  and  follies,  the  wealth  and  power,  the 
pride  and  haughtiness  of  her  great  controlling 
tribes,  or  States,  the  prophet  describes  in  terri- 
ble language,  the  scenes  of  fear  and  dismay,  of 
humiliation  and  ruin,  which  are  to  ensue.  How 
fearful  the  destiny  of  the  daughter  of  Zion ! 
Her  mighty  and  her  wise  men  are  taken  away; 
an  idol  shepherd  is  "raised  up;  children  are  their 
princes,  and  babes  of  no  understanding  rule. 
Oppression  becomes  the  order  of  the  day,  and 
the  prophetic  Jerusalem  is  ruined,  and  Judah 
is  fallen.  The  crown  of  the  head  of  the  daught- 
ters,  or  tribes  of  Zion,  is  smitten  with  a  scab, 
when  tlie  Lord  shall  enter  into  judgment  with 
the  ancients  of  his  people.  In  this  day  of  ter- 
rible national  judgment,  which  shall  be  upon  the 


88  THE    CONFEDERATE   STATES 

proud  and  lofty,  the  cedars  of  Lebanon,  and  tlie 
oaks  of  Baslian — the  mountains  and  hills,  the 
high  tower,  and  the  fenced  wall,  the  ships  of 
Tarshish  and  the  pleasant  pictures,  or  pictures  of 
desire,  men  are  exhorted  to  enter  into  the  rock 
and  hide  in  the  dust,  to  go  into  the  depths  of  the 
rocks,  and  the  top  of  the  ragged  rocks,' for  fear  of 
the  Lord,  and  for  the  glorj  of  his  majesty,  when  he 
ariseth  to  shake  terribly  the  earth.  The  men  of 
Zion  shall  fall  by  the  sword,  and  her  mighty  in 
the  war,  and  her  gates  shall  lament  and  mourn, 
and  she,  being  desolate,  shall  sit  upon  the 
ground.  Isa.  iii.  25,  ^6.  How  terrible  is  the 
doom  of  the  great  coercion  States  of  the  North, 
as  presented  in  these,  and  numerous  other  proph- 
ecies, wliich  shall  come  under  review  as  we  pro- 
peed  ! 

''  And  in  that  day^  seven  women  shall  take 
hold  of  one  man,  saying,  We  will  eat  our  own 
bread  and  wear  our  own  apj»arel ;  only  let  us  be 
called  by  thy  name  to  take  away  our  reproach. 
Isaiah  iv.  1. 

Dr.  Clarke  thinks  this  verse  refers  to  the 
slaughter  mentioned  in  the  last  verses  in  tl)e 
preceding  cliapter.  liut.when  will  war  be  so 
destructive,  as  to  leave  but  one -seventh  of  the 
men   of    a    nation  ?      Besides,  the    desire   of 


IN   PROPHECY.  89 

the  women  is,  that  reproach  shall  be  taken  away 
from  them.  But  is  it  a  reproach  to  be  the  widow 
of  a  -man  slain  in  battle  ?  And  inasmuch  as  this 
is  written  of  future  times,  the  reproach  of  un» 
married  life  and  of  destitution  of  children,  felt 
among  the  ancient  Jews,  who  constantly  expect- 
ed the  birth  of  Messiah,  must  have  passed  away. 
Further,  when  it  is  said,  "  In  that  day,  seven 
women  shall  take  hold  of  one  man,"  it  immedi- 
ately succeeds  that  *'  In  that  day^^  i.  e.,  the  same 
day,  the  branch  of  the  Lord  is  beautiful  and  glo- 
rious, and  the  fruit  of  the  earth  shall  be  excel- 
lent and  comely  for  them  that  are  escaped  of 
Israel.''  Verse  3.  The  day  of  the  movement 
of  the  women,  and  the  day  of  the  branch  of  the 
Lord,  are  thus  seen  to  be  the  same  day.  The 
two,  therefore,  coincide  as  to  time.  But  the 
taking  hold  of  one  man  by  seven  women,  which, 
literally  understood,  would  signify  very  great 
degradation  in  morals,  would  certainly  be  very 
distant  from  the  scene  of  glory  with  which  it  is 
identified  in  the  text.  What  can  be  the  expla- 
nation ?  Simply,  the  following,  as  we  fully  be- 
lieve : 

In  the  parallel  passage  in  Micah,  v.,  the 
mountain  of  the  house  of  the  Lord,  or  Israel 
restored,  is  called  the  daughter  of  Zion,  to  whom 


90  THE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 

comes  the  first  domiuion.     Thia  is  the  United 
States,  as  we  have  seen.     In  Isa.  iii.  16,  wc  have 
the  daughters  of  Zion,  as  many.     These  are  the 
tribes,  or  States,  of  Israel  restored,  and  rejected. 
Tn  contradistinction   with    these    daughters   of 
Zion,  we  have  the  seven  women,  or  tribes,  of 
States,  who  secede  from  the  sisterhood  of  these 
proud  and  oppressive  daughters.     These  women 
are  poorer  than  those  proud  ones,  as  indicated 
in  iii.  15,  and  forsake  the  sisterhood  of  daught- 
ers, or    States,  to   escape    the  oppression  there 
stated.     One    after  another  of  these  seven  wo- 
men, or  States,  secedes.     They  are  separate  from 
each  other,  and  from  a  hostile  world.     Driven 
out  of  the  national  Union,  they  are  feeble  wo- 
men,  helpless  widows.      After   inheritiug,   with 
others,  a  national  glory,  preeminent  in  the  world, 
will  they  be  content  with  their  isolated,  feeble, 
reproachftil  condition  ?     Not  at  all.     But  being 
united  in  their  exile,  and  in  interest  and  sympa- 
thies   and  feeling,  they  will   seek  a  strong   and 
glorious  common  nationality  to  take  the  place  of 
the  one  they  have  forsaken. 

The  i'ulfilment  of  the  passage  is  found  in  the 
scvqn  seceding  States  forming  the  central  gov- 
ernment of  the  Confederate  States.  This  is,  as 
wc  shall  see,  the  man  child  of   the  daugliter  of 


IN    PROPHECY.  91 

Zion.  What  is  here  said  of  the  branch  of  the 
Lord,  and  of  every  one,  i.  e.,  every  tribe  that  is 
left  in  Zion  living,  when  others  die,  as  to  the 
covenant,  coincides  with  what  is  elsewhere  said 
of  the  "  remnant"  of  Israel  restored,  and  divi- 
ded, and  of  the  stone  kingdom,  and  the  one  like 
unto  the  Son  of  man.  We  need  not  elaborate 
further,  as  many  other  more  explicit  passages 
will  claim  attention.  It  may  be  added  in  this 
connection,  however,  that,  as  the  ten  horns  of 
the  fourth  beast,  as  Sir  Isaac  Newton  says, 
whatever  their  number  afterwards,  they  are 
still  called  ten  kings,  from  their  first  number, 
so  the  number  seven,  so  often  applied  in  the 
prophecies  to  the  final  kingdom,  represents  all  the 
States  that  follow  them ;  though  these,  too,  are, 
in  addition,  expressly  mentioned,  and  their  num- 
ber definitely  given. 

Attention  is  now  invited  to  the  fourth  and  fifth 
chapters  of  the  book  of  Micah 

The  concluding  verse  of  the  third  chapter  may 
be  understood  as  referring  to  old  Israel  in  the  type : 
''Therefore  shall  Zion  for  your  sake  be  ploughed 
as  a  field,  and  Jerusalem  shall  become  heaps,  and 
the  mountain  of  the  house  as  the  high  places  of  • 
the  forest."  This  verse  shows  the  identity  of  Zion 
and  Jerusalem  with  the  mountain,  or  mountain 


92  THE    CONFBDERATF  STATES 

of  the  house,  both  in  the  type  atul  the  antitype. 
Verses  1—3  of  chap,  iv.,  form  an  almost  literal 
quotation  from  Isa.  ii.  2,  8.  The  exposition  of 
that  passage  is  applicable  to  this,  with  the  excep- 
tion that  the  general  prophecy  is  here  divided  into 
two  paragraj)hs;  the  former  consisting  of  verses 
1,  2,  having  special  reference  to  Israel  restored, 
or  the  United  States;  the  latter,  consisting  of 
verses  3-5,  having  particular  application  to  the 
remnant  left  after  the  division. 

**In  that  day"  referring  to  what  immediately 
precedes,  *'saith  the  Lord,  I  will  assemble  her 
that  haltcth,  and  I  will  gather  her  that  is  driven 
out,  and  her  that  1  have  afflicted,  and  I  will  make 
her  that  haltcth  a  reulnant,  and  her  .that  was  cant 
far  oflf  a  strong  nation  ;  and  the  Lord  shall  reign 
oyer  them  in  mount  Zion  from  henceforth,  even 
for  ever."   (Verses  0,  7.) 

The  remnant  here  mentioned,  is  j)lainly  the 
remnant  or  portion  of  a  j)eople.  It  could  not  bo 
the  whole  of  the  people  referred  to.  Such  an 
application  of  the  term  remnant  would  be  absurd. 
The  remnant  must  be  a  portion,  and  the  smaller 
portion  reserved  when  the  larger  part  is  cast  off; 
and  cast  off  because  the  remnant  was  cast  off  by 
this  controlling  majority.  The  casting  far  ofl* 
denotes  a  sectional  separation  wide  and  perma- 


IN    PROPHECY.  93 

nent.  It  does  not  mean  a  driving  away  to  the 
ends  of  the  earth  into  captivity.  The  fact  that 
the  remnant  becomes  a  strong  nation,  and  is  un- 
der the  direct  control  of  the  Lord  of  hosts,  would 
forbid  this  interpretation.  The  remnant  is  said 
to  become,  under  a  Divine  guidance,  a  nation — 
a  strong  nation.  The  remnant  was  then  a  portion 
of  the  people ;  it  is  now  separated,  and  becomes  a 
strong  nation  under  the  reign  of  the  Lord.  This 
reign  is  perpetual,  everlasting.  The  locality  of 
this  reign  is  mount  Zion.  And  this  fact,  together 
with  that  which  precedes  and  which  follows  the 
text,  signifies  that  this  strong  nation  is  the  rem- 
nant of  Israel  restored  in  the  last  days.  This 
remnant — this  strong  nation,  over  which  the  Lord 
will  reign  for  ever,  is  none  other  than  the  stone 
cut  out  of  the  mountain,  or  the  one  like  the  Son 
of  man.  They  are  positively  identified  by  the 
same  character  of  strength,  and  the  sam«  per-? 
petual,  everlasting  reign  of  Almighty  God.  This 
position  is  rendered  more  indubitably  sure  by  the 
connection  following,  and  by  other  passages  to 
come  under  review.  This  division  of  Israel  re- 
stored is  yet  more  clearly  exhibited  under  the 
figure  of  the  birth  of  a  man  child. 

''And  thou,  0  tower  of  the  flock  !  the  strong- 
hold of  the  daughter  of  Zion,  unto  thee  it  shall 


94  THE   CONFEDERATE    STATES 

cpmc,cven  the  first  dominion  ;  the  kingdom  shall 
come  to  the  daughter  of  Jerusalem."  (Verse  8.) 
The  tower  of  the  flock  is  the  central  goverument 
for  the  oversight  and  protection  of  the  restored 
Israel,  or  flock  of  the  Lord.  The  term  stronghold 
signifies  further,  the  strength  and  glory  of  the 
nationality  represented  as  the  daughter  of  Zion. 
Our  Saviour  declared  to  the  literal  Jews  that  the 
kingdom  should  be  taken  from  them,  and  given 
to  a  nation  bringing  forth  the  fruits  thereof. 
The  fact  that  this  kingdom  is  given  to  a  nation^ 
clearly  shows  that  it  is  not  a  spiritual,  but  a  civil 
kingdom ;  the  Divine  civil  governniont  of  the 
Hebrew  commonwealth  revived  in  the  antitype. 
To  Israel  restored  the  mountain  of  the  Lord's 
house  established  in  the  top  of  the  mountains,  or 
the  United  States,  comes  the  Jirsf  dominion.  Not 
with  the  original  old  Zion,  but  with  the  daughter 
of  Zion,  the  daughter  of  Jerusalem,  is  this  first 
dominion,  or  first  manifestation  of  the  Divine 
kingdom  in  the  antitype. 

"Now  why  dost  thou  cry  out  aloud  r*  is  there 
no  king  in  thee'/  is  thy  counsellor  perished?" 
One  is  almost  ready  to  ask,  Where  are  thy  Clay.s 
and  Calhouns  and  Websters  ?  Where  are  the 
strong  arms  upon  which  thou  hast  leaned  here- 
tofore ?     Where  are  the  great  leaders  to  whom 


IN   PROPHECY.  95 

thou  hast  looked  for  guidance  in  times  of  distress 
and  danger  ?  Verily,  the  time  of  Zion's  trouble 
is  come.  ^'  For  pangs  have  taken  thee  as  a  wo- 
man in  travail.  Be  in  pain,  and  labour  to  bring 
forth,  O  daughter  of  Zion,  like  a  woman  in  tra- 
vail :  for  now  shalt  thou  go  forth  out  of  the  city, 
and  thou  shalt  dwell  in  the  field,  and  there  thou 
shalt  be  delivered ;  there  shall  the  Lord  redeem 
thee  from  the  hand  of  thine  enemies."  (Verse  10.) 
Though  in  the  sudden  birth  of  the  new  nation- 
ality there  may  truly  be  said  to  have  been  no 
preceding  travail,  in  the  way  of  war  and  carnage, 
the  ordinary  antecedents  of  a  new  government, 
yet  in  another  sense  Zion  travailed  before  she 
brought  forth.  And  every  reader  will  at  once 
realize  the  appropriateness  of  this  expressive 
figure,  in  its  application  to  the  last  several  years 
of  the  history  of  the  United  States. 

The  city  out  of  which  the  daughter  of  Zioin 
goes,  is  determined  by  the  whole  connection,  es- 
pecially verse  8,  to  be  Jerusalem  in  the  antitype, 
so  often  spoken  of  by  the  prophets.  This  is  in- 
habited after  the  departure  of  the  daughter  by 
her  child,  as  heir  to  the  inheritance,  and  styled 
in  verse  7  the  remnant,  and  the  strong  nation. 
The  going  out  into  the  field,  does  not  signify  a 
local  removal;  but  is  the  antithesis  of  the  casting 


06  THE   CONFEDERATE   STATES 

off  of  the  remnant  in  vcrpc  7.      It  is  the  panic  in 
meaning  as  to  locality,  with  the  promise,  ''  I  will       . 
remove  far  off  the  northern  array."  (Joel  ii.  20.) 
This  going  out  of  Jerusalem,  is  a  departure  in 
spirit  and  principle,  as  we  shall  hereaflcr  more       , 
clearly  see  from  the  covenant  of  Israel  restored. 
IJer  going  into  the  fichl   signifies   her  exclusion 
from  the  shelter  of  God's  protection  and  blessing, 
{18   his    peculiar    people.      Her   going   even    to 
BabyloTi,  denotes  so  thorough  a  departure  on  the 
part  of  the  daughter  of  Zion  from   her  original       i 
condition  as  the  Israel  of  God,  as  that  she  goes 
into  captivity  to  the  very  opposite  spirit  and  prin- 
ciple.    This  is  illustrated  in  the  fact  before  re-      i 
ferred  to,  that  the  stone,  though  cut  out  of  the       ^ 
mountain  aftrr  the  toca  of  the  image  appear,  yet      | 
strikes  the  feet  of  the  image;  denoting  ft  recon- 
struction   of  the    empire ;    a   reconstruction    in" 
spirit,  and  without  reference  to  locality  and  form.       1 
That    the   whole    spirit    and    character    of   that      j 
series  of  empires  is  found  in  this  reconstruction, 
is  plain    from   the    liiet   already  stated,  that    the 
''brass,  and  silver,  and  gold,  as  well  as  the  iron      j 
and  olay,"  are  found  in   the   feet  when   stricken       | 
by  the  stone,  (Dan.  ii.  35,)  j  as  also  I'lom  the  fact 
stated,  (cha]».  vii.  12,)   that  whou  the   dominion       ! 
of  these  great  beasts  Ih  taken  away,  *'  their  lives       i 


IN   HIOPIIECY.  97 

vrere  prolonged  for  a  season  and  a  time."  The 
whole  spirit  of  the  old  empires  is  foiind  in  the 
final  conflict  between  liberty  and  despotism.  And 
now  we  may  appeal  to  the  reader  as  to  the  appli- 
cation of  this  to  the  United  States,  since  the  rise 
of  the  Confederate  States.  Read  the  message  of 
President  Lincoln  to  the  called  session  of  Con- 
gress on  the  fourth  of  the  present  month,  (July, 
1861,)  and  look  at  the  consolidated  despotism 
arisino;  on  the  destruction  of  the  rights  of  States 
as  "such.  Note  his  attempted  apologies  for  infrac- 
tions of  the  Constitution,  in  the  invasion  of  the 
dearest  personal  and  social  rights,  and  his  call  for 
four  hundred  thousand  men  and  four  hundred 
millions  of  dollars  for  the  subjugation  of  the  new 
nationality  of  the  South.  See  how  this  has  been 
responded  to  by  the  Congressional  approbation  of 
even  an  additional  hundred  thousand  men,  and  a 
hundred  million  dollars  more  than  required.  Con- 
sider also  the  participation  of  the  spirit  of  tlie  Gov- 
ernment by  the  masses  of  the  peoples.  We  ask  then, 
is  not  the  whole  spirit  of  the  old  monarchies  the 
spirit  of  despotism,  of  subjugation,  and  war,  being 
rapidly  developed  in  the  United  States,  as  one 
of  the  feet,  thus  to  speak,  of  the  image  to  be 
bVoken  by  the  stone  cut  out  of  the  mountain. 
The  history  of  this  spirit  of  monarchy^  in  its  coa- 
-4 


98-  TILE    CONFEDERATE   STATES 

quest  of  Israel  restored,  is  noted  in  the  succeed- 
ing visions  of  Daiiii'l.  When  it  has  prevailed, 
even  in  its  more  uici}>ient  statics  in  the  govern- 
meut,  the  birth  of  this  child  of  the  dauirhter  of 
Zion  occurs.  (Verse  lU.)  The  redemption  of 
Zion,  after  his  birth,  from  the  hand  of  her  cne- 
mies,  may  point  out  the  identity  of  the  daughter 
of  Zion,  in  her  original  character,  with  her  son, 
and  her  redemption  in  him  as  representing  the 
remnant  that  is  saved,  or  it  may  mean  the  revival 
of  the  spirit  of  the  Constitution  in  some  of  the  States 
of  the  North,  as  the  Western  or  Pacific  States,  re- 
sulting in  a  great  war,  in  which  the  government 
will  be  overthrown.  The  promise  is  true  in  either 
application,  as  shall  appear  hereafter. 

The  child  that  is  born  is  determined,  in  cliap. 
V.  4.,  to  be  a  man  child.  His  birth  is  also 
identified  with  that  of  c/iiVJr^?/,  as  in  Isa.  Ixvi. 
showing  that  he  is  one  in  one  sense,  and  many  in 
another  sense,  or  many  in  one.  It  is  also,  as  we 
believe,  referred  to  in  Jer.  xv.  9.,  as  in  the  con- 
nection we  are  expounding,  as  the  birth  of 
seven,  in  allusion  to  the  seven  original  States  in 
the  dominion  of  the  man  child,  ''She  that  hath 
borne  seven  languishoth  :  she  hath  given  up  the 
ghost;  her  sun  is  gone  down  while  it  was  yet  day." 
Alas,  for  the  fate  of  the  daugliter  of  Zion.     Tho 


IN  PROPHECY.  W 

day  of  her  trouble,  ay,  of  her  death,  as  to  the 
covenant  of  God's  Israel,  has  come. 

The  time  of  the  birth  of  this  child  of  the 
daughter  of  Zion  is  fixed  in  chapter  v.  1,  2. 
*'But  thou  Bethlehem  Ephratah,  though  thou  be 
little  among  the  thousands  of  Judah,  yet  out  of 
thee  shall  he  come  forth  unto  me  that  is  to  be 
ruler  in  Israel,  whose  goings  forth  have  been 
from  of  old,  even  from  everlasting."  This  is  applied 
in  Matt.  ii.  6,  to  the  birth  of  the  Divine  Re- 
deemer personally.  He  is  here  characterized  as 
he  that  is  to  be  (hereafter)  ruler  in  Israel,  when 
Israel  shall  be  restored  as  the  final  kingdom. 

"Therefore  will  he,  'the  Saviour/  give  them 
up  until  the  time  that  she  which  travaileth, 
hath  brought  forth.  Then  shall  the  remnant  of 
his  brethren  return  unto  the  children  of  Israel." 

Those  given  up  by  our  Saviour  are  his  breth- 
ren after  the  flesh,  the  people  among  whom  he 
was  born.  They  are  here  distinguished  from 
"the  children  of  Israel,"  showing  that  Israel  in 
the  antitype  is  different  from  the  literal  old  type. 
The  children  of  Israel  are  not  the  Church,  as 
such,  being  plainly  identified  with  the  remnant 
that  becomes  a  strong  nation,  v.  7,  and  with 
the  child  of  the  daughter  of  Zion.  It  is  said 
here  that  when  this  birth  occurs,  then  the  rem- 


100  THK    COXFF.DEUATE    STATSE 

nant  of  his  1»rethrcn  shall  return  to  tlie  children 
of  Israel.  Thus  the  kinirfioni  that,  aceordintr  to 
the  Saviour's  assertion,  was  to  be  taken  from 
these  literal  brethren,  has  etwue  hs  to  its  Jirst 
dominion  to  the  dautrliter  of  Zion,  identified 
with  the  '*  mountain  of  the  Lord's  house,"  or 
the  United  States,  and  passes  in  its  final  domin- 
ion to  her  son,  who  sjnehronizes  with  the  stone 
kini^dom,  or  the  Confederate  i>tates.  It  then 
finds  a  nation  bringing:  forth  the  fruits  thereof, 
as  will  more  and  more  fully  a|)pear,  as  we  believe, 
in  the  luture  history  of  the  new  nationality  that 
has  so  suddenly  and  gloriously  risen  up  in  the 
world. 

To  his  literal  brethren  our  Saviour  said,  ''  Be- 
hold your  house  is  left  unto  you  desolate  ;  and 
verily  1  say  unto  you,  Ye  shall  not  see  me  until 
the  time  come  when  ye  shall  say,  Blessed  is  he 
that  Cometh  in  tlie  name  of  the  Lord."  Luke 
xiii.  35.  The  time  of  his  absence  and  their 
desolation  is  the  period  durimr  which  he  is  said, 
in  the  passage  under  cuusideration,  to  "give 
them  up."  He  tliat  cometh  in  the  name  of  the 
Lord  is  the  child  of  the  daughter  of  Zion,  com- 
ing in  the  name  of  the  Lord,  and  bearing  his 
name,  as  the  nationality  in  which  he  rules.  Or 
if  this  phnise  be  applied  to  the  Saviour  hijuself, 


IN    PROPHECY.  101 

as  in  some  passages  in  the  Evangelists,  then  it  is 
to  him,  as  coming  in  the  glory  of  his  final  reign, 
when  the  language  of  the  multitude  is  specially 
appropriate:  *' Blessed  is  the  king  that  com etji 
in  the  name  of  the  ]jord  :  peace  in  heaven  and 
glory  in  the  highest."  Luke  xix.  38.  The  Jews 
rejected  him  in  his  humiliation,  and  were  "given 
up "  to  unbelief.  The  vail  will  remain  upon 
their  hearts  until  they  t^ee  him  in  the  glory  of 
the  final  kingdom.  Then  shall  the  remnant  of 
his  brethren  return  unto  the  children  of  Israel. 

The  man  child  of  the  daughter  of  Zion  spoken 
of  in  the  passage  under  discussion,  is  not  born 
until  after  our  Saviour's  personal  advent,  nor 
until  he  has  long  given  up  his  literal  brethren, 
nor  until  near  the  time  of  their  conversion,  in 
which  conversion  he  is  said  to  be  instrumental, 
as  will  doubtless  be  seen  in  the  future.  This 
period  is,  as  the  whole  connection  shows,  that 
of  the  division  of  Israel  restored,  and  the  rise  of 
the  sixth  kingdom,  or  Confederate  States. 

"  And  he  shall  stand  and  feed  in  the  strength 
of  the  Lord,  in  the  majesty  of  the  name  of  the 
Lord  his  God;  and  they  shall  abide;  for  now 
shall  he  be  great  unto  the  ends  of  the  earth. 
And  this  man  sliall  be  the  peace  when  the  Assy- 
rian shall  come  into   our   land;  and   when    he 


168       THE  CONFEDKRATE  STATES. 

shall  tread  in  our  palaces  then  shall  we  raise 
against  him  seven  shepherds  and  eight  principal 
wen,'^  or,  as  the  margin  reads,  "  princes  of 
men."  v.  4,  5. 

This  passage  cannot  possibly  refer  literally,  to 
the  old  Assyrian  power.  The  unbroken  connec- 
tion in  which  it  stands,  places  its  fulfilment 
after  the  birth  of  our  Savior,  and  even  late  in 
gospel  times.  The  man  who  is  to  be  our  peace, 
must  be  the  one  just  spoken  of,  as  having  been 
born.  The  Assyrian  power  had  passed  away 
before  the  birth  of  our  Savior,  much  more  before 
the  birth  of  the  son  of  Zion,  mentioned  in 
verse  3.  "  Besides,"  as  Scott  says,  ''  Senacher- 
rib's  invasion  was  not  repelled  by  the  rulers  or 
chieftains  of  Israel ;  2  Kings,  19-35 ;  nor  did 
the  Jews  ever  invade  or  waste  the  Assyrian  do- 
minions, or  those  of  the  Chaldeans,  who  after- 
wards occupied  the  same  regions,  it  seems  evi- 
dent that  these  expressions  must  be  understood 
as  mystically  intending  other  enemies  of  the 
church,  who  should  be  of  the  same  spirit  with 
Senacherrib  and  the  Assyrians." 

The  whole  connection  shows  that  the  oppressed 
people  mentioned  here,  is  the  final  "  remnant" 
of  Israel  restored,  chap.  iv.  7,  represented  by 
the  man  child  U"  the  daughter  of  Zion^  and  that  the 


IN  PROPHECY.  lOB 

Assyrian  is  the  power  attempting  the  subjuga- 
tion of  this  remnant  in  the  spirit  of  Senacherrib, 
and  the  Assyrians  who  invaded  ancient  Israel. 
This  is  identical  with  the  reconstructed  Roman 
empire  of  the  feet  image,  in  which  is  found  the 
gold  of  the  head,  or  Assyrian  empire,  as  well  as 
all  the  other  metals  of  the  image.  And  other 
passages  show  that  this  final  embodiment  of  the 
Assyrian  spirit  is  found  in  Israel  restored  and 
rejected,  and  endeavoring  to  conquer  the  rem- 
nant. 

He  who  is  to  be  the  peac«,  refers  to  the  child 
of  the  daughter  of  Zion  last  spoken  of,  verse  3, 
with  reference,  too,  to  the  personal  Savior,  who, 
as  sitting  on  the  right  hand  of  power,  rCigns 
with  the  man  child,  and  invisibly  guides  and  sus- 
tains him  in  his  dominion,  according  to  the  dec- 
laration in  verse  2,  "who  is  to  be  ruler  in  Israel." 
*'  Then  shall  we  raise  against  him  seven  shep- 
herds." The  term  "we"  here  refers  to  the  rem- 
nant of  Israel  restored.  The  shepherds  are  the 
tribes  of  this  remnant,  in  allusion  to  the  occupa- 
tion of  the  sons  of  Jacob,  as  the  original  heads 
of  the  tribes,  and  signifying,  also,  a  very  mild, 
beneficent  sort  of  government.  Seven  shepherds 
and  eight  principal  men,  not  meaning  fifteen, 
but  simply  adding  one  to  the  seven,  because  of 


104  THE    COXFKDERATE   STATES 

his  iiuporta^ioc,  :uid  as,  perchance,  rcprcsentiitr; 
jjiiotlior  class.  The  seven  t^hephcrds  are  tribes 
of  the  reiiitiant  X)f  Israel  restored,  already  under 
the  peaceful  dominion  of  the  niau  child  of  Zion. 
The  one  added  agrees  in  spirit  with  the  shep- 
herds, but  does  not  occupy  the  same  position 
with  the  ^ll('plK'rds.  And  yet,  in  another  Hcnse, 
he  does  oecnpy  the  t*unie  p(i.sitit>n  ;  for  though 
not  numbered  with  the  seven  as  shepherds,  yet, 
when  they  are  spoken  of  as  princes  of  iucd, 
which  phrase  signifies  government  of  some  sort, 
he  is  numbered  witli  them.  This  enuuieration, 
takinj^  place  in  immediate  connection  with  the 
invasion  of  the  "  Assyrian,"  signifies  that  the 
eighth  is  added  partly,  if  not  wholly,  because  of 
military  power.  The  distiiiguishim::  of  this 
eighth  from  the  seven,  and  yet  idcntitieation 
with  thorn,  seems  to  intimate  that  it  is  one  of 
the  tribes  of  Israel,  not  yet  formally  included  in 
the  remnant. 

When  the  Government  of  the  l.'nitcd  States, 
as  Israel  restored,  and  rejected,  hud  so  far  im- 
bibed the  Assyrian  spirit  as  to  undertake  the 
subjugation  of  the  remnant  that  had  gone  out, 
represented  by  the  seven  shepherds,  or  original 
(Confederate  Stiites,  the  C'onvention  of  the  State 
of  V  irginia  at  once  adopted  the  ordinance  of  se- 


TN    PROPHEOY.  105 

cession,  Vice-President  Strphons  was  dis- 
patched to  confer  with  the  Convention  ;  and,  in 
his  message  to  the  called  session  of  Congress, 
President  Davis  announced  that  a  Convention 
had  been  concluded,  by  which  the  vast  military 
power  of  Virginia  was  added  to  that  of  the  seven 
original  States.  The  action  of  Virginia,  the 
great  mother  of  States  and  of  statesmen,  is  men- 
tioned also  by  President  Lincoln,  in  his  message 
to  Congress  on  the  fourth  of  July,  18(31,  as  ex- 
ceedingly important.  The  secession  of  Virginia 
was  hailed  with  rapturous  delight  by  the  people 
of  the  seceded  States,  while  it  rendered  the  sub- 
jugation of  the  Confederate  States  even  more 
certainly  an  impossibility.  This  great  State  is 
also  a  representative  of  the  entire  i'our,  included 
in  the  second  secession  ;  all  which  are  included, 
as  we  shall  see  in  another  passage,  with  the  seven 
original  States. 

"  And  they  shall  waste  (or  eat  up,  as  the  mar- 
gin reads,)  the  land  of  Assyria  with  the  sword, 
and"  the  land  of  Nimrod  in  the  entrances  thereof, 
(or,  as  the  margin  reads,  with  her  own  naked 
swords,)  thus  shall  ho  deliver  us  from  the  Assyrian 
when  he  cometh  into  our  land." 

This  land  of  Assyria  is  the  same  antitype  of 
old  '*  Assyria"  above  referred  to,  and  we  consid- 


106  THE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 

cr  the  paPMcc  as  indicating  that  the  Confederate 
States  will  be  abundantly  successful  in  resisting 
the  power  which  seeks  the  overthrow  of  their 
independence.  If  the  marginal  reading,  "  with 
her  own  naked,  or  unsheathed  swords,"  be  cor- 
rect, and  we  do  not  insist  upon  it,  then  it  points 
to  a  civil  war  in  the  North  before  the  present 
Bcene  of  indignation  and  trouble  shall  have 
passed  by.  Whether  this  marginal  rendering  be 
admissible  or  not,  we  believe  the  passage  to  em- 
brace this  whole  "  time  of  trouble,"  and  to  re- 
ceive illustration  from  the  breaking  of  the  feet 
of  the  image  by  the  stone  cut  out.  of  the  moun- 
tain. 

The  people  thus  delivered,  are  the  remnant  of 
Jacob  in  the  antitype,  spoken  of  in  verses  7,  8, 
and  the  succeeding  part  of  the  chapter. 

The  character  of  the  government  of  this  rem- 
nant is  intimated.  The  term,  "  we  will  raise 
up,"  etc.,  must  be  applied  to  the  people,  and  at- 
tributing to  them  great  power,  signities  a  peo- 
ples' government.  The  seven  shepherds  are  the 
tribe,  or  state  government,  the  child  of  the 
daughter  of  Zion,  who  coincides  with  the  rem- 
nant, and  is  the  means  of  peace,  by  successfully 
resistiri'T  invasion  in  the  eonl"edt;rate  government. 
The  connectioa  of  the  Divine  Kedeemer  with  it, 


IN   PROPHECY.  lt)7 

as  ruler  in  Israel,  shows  that  it  is  his  Kingdom, 
in  which  he  reigns,  though  invisibly.  Thus  it 
is  written,  "  In  that  day  shall  the  Lord  be  for 
a  crown  of  glory,  and  for  a  diadem  of  beauty, 
unto  the  residue  of  his  people.  And  for  a 
spirit  of  judgment  to  him  that  sitteth  in  judg- 
ment j  and  for  strength  to  them  that  turn  the 
battle  to  the  gate."  That  such  has  been  the 
case  with  the  Confederate  States,  as  the  "  resi- 
due" of  the  restored  Israel,  or  "people"  of  the 
Lord,  we  appeal  to  the  reader  for  proof  The 
great  wisdom  that  has  guided  the  government, 
and  its  amazing  success  in  arms,  have  elicited 
attention  and  remark,  not  only  in  this  country, 
but  in  Europe.  That  such  will  be  the  case 
hereafter,  the  prophecies,  we  believe,  abundantly 
declare. 

That  this  whole  section  of  Micah's  prophecy 
coincides  with  the  visions  of  the  mountain,  and 
the  stone  cut  of  the  mountain,  and  of  the  An- 
cient of  days,  and  the  one  like  the  Son  of  man, 
is  plain,  not  only  from  the  details  we  have  re- 
ferred to,  but  from  the  fact  that,  substantially, 
the  same  things  are  said  here  of  the  "  remnant 
of  Jacob"  that  are  stated  as  to  the  sixth  king- 
dom in  the  visions. 


108  THK    CONFEi>ERATE    STATES 


CUAPTER    VI. 

THE  crfNFEDERATE  STATES—CONTINUED. 

Zcchariah's  prophecies — Division  of  the  Union — Bor- 
der States  as  the  slain  shepherds — The  eleven  States 
as  "the  third" — The  divided  mountain — Ezek.  xxxiv. 
— ^The  gathered  flock  judged  and  divided — Isa.  Ixr. 
11-16 — The  Northern  army — The  American  flag — 
Division — Contrast — One  like  the  Son  of  man  — 
Charader  of  the  government — How  established — 
"When  it  appears. 

We  iuvite  attention  to  some  passages  in  the 
prophecies  of  Zechariah,  in  reference  to  the 
division  of  the  restored  Israel  of  God.  The 
date  of  this  book  is  placed  from  520  to  500  B.  C, 
about  two  hundred  years  after  the  division  of 
Israel  and  Judah. 

Zechariah  is  ret:;arded  as  a  very  obscure  pro- 
]»het,  not  ijnly  in  lan'j^uaL^e  and  iniaircry,  but  as 
to  the  application  and  import  of  his  predictions. 
The  main  reason  why  he  is  so  hard  to  be  under- 
stood, as  we  believe,  is  that  he  had  more  refer- 
ence in  his  prophecies  to  Israel  in  the  antitype 


IN   PROPHECY.  109 

than  in  the  old  type.  And  we  are  of  opinion 
that,  among  other  prophecies  having  reference 
to  these  latter  times,  he  predicts,  with  sufficient 
distinctness,  the  division  of  the  American  Union 
as  the  modern  Israel  of  God.  This  division  is 
represented  in  chapter  xi.  under  the  idea  of  the 
breaking  of  two  staves. 

One  staff  is  called  Beauty,  and  represents  the 
covenant  between  God  and  the  people.  The 
other  is  called  Bands,  and  symbolizes  the  union 
of  the  tribes.  ''And  I  took  my  staif,  even 
Beauty,  and  cut  it  asunder,  that  I  might  break 
my  covenant  which  I  had  made  with  all  the 
people."  Zech.  xi.  10.  "  Then  I  cut  asunder  mine 
other  staff,  even  Bands,  that  I  might  break  the 
brotherhood  between  Judah  and  Israel."  Verse 
14.  Archbishop  Newcome  says  of  this  verse  : 
"  I  cannot  explain  this  passage  without  supposing 
that  the  kingdom  of  of  Israel  subsisted  when 
the  prophet  wrote  it,  and  that  either  the  wars 
between  Judah  and  Israel  are  referred  to,  or  the 
captivity  of  the  ten  tribes  when  the  hrotherfy 
connection  between  these  kingdoms  ceased." 

Dr.  Clarke  says,  in  the  close  of  his  notes  on 
this  chapter  :  "  There  are  several  things  in  this 
chapter  that  are  very  obscure,  and  we  can  hardly 
say  what  opinion  is  right,  nor  is  it  at  all  clear 


110  THE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 

whether  thoy  refer  to  a  very  early  or  late  period 
in  Jewish  history." 

The  great  difficulty  here  is,  that  the  prophet 
set  forth  in  the  breaking  of  the  sticks  the  divi- 
sion of  Israel,  and  yet  he  lived  long  after  that 
division  took  place  in  the  type.  If,  however, 
the  transaction  be  referred  to  Israel  in  the  anti- 
type, or  the  United  States,  it  will  be,  as  we 
think,  more  easily  understood,  especially  in  view 
of  the  memorable  fact  recorded  in  connection 
with  it,  in  verses  eighth  and  ninth  :  "Three  shep- 
herds also  I  cut  oif  in  one  month ;  and  my  soul 
loathed  them,  (or,  as  the  margin  reads,  was 
straitened  for  them,)  and  their  soul  also  abhorred 
me.  Then  said  I,  I  will  not  feed  you  :  that  that 
dieth,  let  it  die;  and  that  that  is  to  be  cut  off, 
let  it  be  cut  off;  and  let  the  rest  eat  every  one 
the  flesh  of  another." 

The  three  shepherds,  answering,  though,  in  a 
different  position,  to  the  "seven  shepherds,"  here- 
tofore referred  to,  are  three  of  the  tribes  of  Israel 
restored.  They  are  Maryland,  Kentucky,  and  Mis- 
souri, for  the  present  excluded  from  covenant 
of  the  final  "  Judah."  They  refused  to  come 
with  the  seceding  States  until  the  arm  of  federal 
power  interposed  to  hold  them  back,  as  at  this 
day.     They  are  "  cut  off"  from  the  covenant  of 


IN    PROPHECY.  Ill 

Judah,  in  contradistinction  from  the  tribes  of 
Israel  that  die  as  to  the  covenant,  as  signifying 
that  they  shall  arise  from  the  dust  of  the  earth, 
when  this  time  of  trouble  shall  end  in  the  over- 
throw of  the  power  that  oppresses  them. 

''  Let  the  rest  eat  the  flesh  one  of  another." 
This  points,  as  we  believe,  to  the  fearful  conflict 
to  take  place  among  the  States  of  the  North, 
resulting  in  the  three-fold  division  of  their  gen- 
eral government.  Then,  and  not  until  then,  will 
the  slain  shepherds  arise.  Not  one  of  the  bor- 
der States  will  be  able,  as  we  believe,  to  enter 
the  Southern  Confederacy  until  that  time.  This 
opinion  was  expressed  as  early  as  the  13th  of 
June,  in  the  city  of  Houston,  Texas,  and  is 
written  here  on  the  31st  day  of  July,  1861. 
This  conclusion  is  based  simply  on  this  and  other 
prophecies  referring  to  these  States. 

This  division  is  represented  numerically  as  to 
the  tribes  or  States,  in  chapter  xiii.  7,  8,  9: 
^'Awake,  O  sword,  against  my  Shepherd,  and 
against  the  man  that  is  my  fellow,  (or,  as  Clarke 
renders  it,  ^  upon  the  strong  man,'  or  '■  the  hero 
that  is  with  me,')  saith  the  Lord  of  hosts  :  smite 
the  shepherd,  and  the  sheep  shall  be  scattered ; 
and  I  will  turn  mine  hand  upon  the  little  ones. 
And  it  shall  come  to  pass,  that  in  all  the  land, 


112  THE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 

saith  the  Lord,  two  parts  therein  shall  be  cut  off 
and  die;  but  the  third  shall  be  left  therein. 
And  I  will  bring  the  third  part  through  the  fire, 
and  will  refine  them  as  silver  is  refined,  and  will 
try  them  as  gold  is  tried  :  they  shall  call  on  my 
name,  and  I  will  hear  them  :  I  will  say,  It  is  my 
people;  and  they  shall  say,  The  Lord  is  my 
God." 

The  phrase,  "  smite  the  Shepherd,  and  the 
sheep  shall  be  scattered,"  is  quoted  by  our 
Saviour  in  application  to  his  condition  when  his 
disciples  all  forsook  him  and  fled,  But  this- 
could  not  be  the  final  fulfilment  of  the  whole 
passage ;  for,  instead  of  the  fleeing  of  all  the 
sheep,  "two  parts"  are  cut  off"  and  die,  while  " the 
third"  remains.  Besides,  the  phrase  "  in  all 
the  land"  decides  the  final  fulfilment  to  be  of  a 
national  character.  If  the  prophecy  be  carried 
forward  to  the  destruction  of  Jerusalem,  is  it 
true  that  two-thirds  in  all  the  land  of  Judea 
were  then  cut  off"  and  died  ?  Is  it  true  that  the 
remaining  third  were  brought  through  the  fire 
and  purified,  and  made  the  faithful  servants  of 
God  ?  This  has  assuredly  not  been  realized  in 
view  of  their  persevering  rejection  of  the  Saviour, 
and,  as  we  have  seen,  the  veil  will  not  be  taken 
from  their  hearts  until  the  fulness  of  the  Gen- 


IN    PROPHECY.  118- 

tiles  Is  brought  in,  or  the  man  child  of  the 
daughter  of  Zion,  representing  the  final  king- 
dom, appears,  when  they  will  return  to  the 
children  of  Israel. 

We  have  seen  that  the  whole  passage  cannot 
apply  to  the  Saviour  personally,  and  that  it  was 
not  fulfilled  in  the  destruction  of  Jerusalem. 
But  if  it  be  connected  with  the  division  of 
Israel  restored,  signified,  as  we  have  seen,  by  the 
breaking  of  the  sticks  or  covenants,  then  the 
meaning  is  easy  and  plain.  The  sword  of  Divine 
judgment  smites  the  shepherd  when  the  stick 
called  Beauty  is  cut  asunder,  signifying  that 
God's  covenant  with  all  the  people,  or  Israel  as 
a  whole,  is  broken.  "  He  thus  shall  accomplish 
to  scatter  the  power  of  the  lioly  people;"  at  the 
end  and  completion  of  prophetic  vision,  (see 
Dan.  xii.  7,)  the  passage  under  review  is  ful- 
filled. Thus,  when  the  United  States  Govern- 
ment, as  the  Ancient  of  days,  is  smitten,  thirty- 
three  States  compose  the  Union.  They  are 
arranged  in  three  classes:  (1.)  Those  that  die 
as  to  the  covenant,  as  the  coercion  States  of  the 
North:  (2.)  Those  that  are  cut  off,  as  the  three 
shepherds  or  border  States;  and  the  eleven 
Confederate  States  as  ''  the  third,"  which 
are    even     now    being    brought    through     the 


'114  THE   CONFEDERATE    STATES 

fire,  in  order  to  their  purification  :  not  as  to  their 
whole  individual  population,  but  as  constituting 
the  nationality  of  the  final  kingdom,  in  which 
the  Lord  rules. 

In  ch.  xiv.  1-5,  the  division  is  represented 
geojrraphically  as  to  "  the  inhabited  places  of  the 
country  :"  "  Behold,  the  day  of  the  Lord  com- 
eth,  and  thy  spoil  shall  be  divided  in  the  midst 
of  thee.  For  I  will  gather  all  nations  against 
Jerusalem  to  battle."  The  term  '^  earth"  is  in 
very  numerous  instances  used  for  the  land  of  Israel. 
Sec  iSymbolical  Die.  In  a  corresponding  sense, 
the  term  nations  or  nations  of  the  earth  signifies 
simply  the  tribes  or  states  of  Israel  restored.  It 
was  not  true  of  the  army  of  Titus,  that  it  in- 
cluded all  nations.  But  in  the  strugirle  which 
precipitated  the  fall  of  the  Jerusalem  of  the 
prophets,  or  our  Israel  restored,  all  the  classes 
of  States — the  aggressive  States,  the  Southern 
States,  those  that  promptly  seceded,  and  those 
that  did  not — all  in  their  several  measures  of 
policy  contributed  to  this  division.  We  need 
not  enlarge  here. 

And  "the  city," or  general  government, shall  be 
taken,  and  the  "  houses,"  or  State  governments, 
which  are  included  in  the  city,  riiied  of  their 
innocent,  unaggressive  character,  and  animated 


IN    PROPHECY.  115 

by  the  spirit  of  fratricidal  war,  and  "the  women/* 
it  may  be  churches,  ravished  of  their  innocence 
and  purity,  as  to  enter  heartily  into  the  war  for 
the  coercion  and  subjugation  of  the  States  of  the 
South.  Thus,  as  we  have  seen,  the  Church  idea 
is  often  presented  in  the  prophecies  of  Israel 
restored,  and  such  may  be  the  meaning  here. 
Now,  whether  we  can  hit  the  meaning  in  all  the 
particulars  or  not,  as  it  may  be  more  a  general 
than  a  particular  description,  we  believe  that  the 
general  idea  of  the  conquest  of  Israel  restored 
by  the  old  monarchical  principle,  as  set  forth  in 
other  prophetic  visions,  to  be  involved  here. 

"And  half  of  the  city  shall  go  forth  into  cap- 
tivity.*'  Allusion  is  had,  in  using  the  term 
"  half,"  to  the  statement  above :  "  Thy  spoil 
shall  be  divided  in  the  midu  of  thee;"  and  to 
the  division  of  the  mountain,  when  "  half  goes 
to  the  north  and  half  to  the  south,"  including 
specially  those  States  most  thoroughly  over- 
come by  the  despotic  principle,  now  being 
rapidly  developed  in  the  United  States  Gov- 
ernment. Thus  it  is  written  in  Revelation, 
as  we  believe,  in  the  same  application,  "  He  that 
leadeth  into  captivity  shall  go  into  captivity  :  he 
that  killeth  with  the  sword  must  be  killed  with 
the  sword." 


IIG  THE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 

"Then  jihall  the  Lord  go  forth  and  fi.cht 
againtst  those  nations/'  or  States,  ''as  he  fought  in 
the  day  of  battle."  He  will  interpose  in  giving 
aid  to  the  arms  of  the  residue,  just  as  he  did  in 
the  wars  of  his  people  in  former  times.  The 
war  is,  in  our  judgment,  the  one  now  in  pro- 
gress. The  amazing  success  at  Great  Bethel, 
Bull  Bun,  Manassas,  and  indeed,  throughout 
the  war  thus  far,  is  a  comment  on  this  and  kind- 
red predictions.  Never,  surely,  since  the  wars- 
of  God's  ancient  people,  has  there  been  such 
remarkable  and  uniform  success  against  such 
tremendous  odds,  and  with  such  terror  and  dis- 
may to  the  foe.  The  explanation  is  found  in 
the  fact  that  the  Lord  goes  forth  to  fight  against 
the  coercion  foes  of  his  peculiar  people.  Thus 
it  has  been,  and  thus  it  will  be  to  the  close  of 
the  war. 

"And  his  feet  shall  stand  in  that  day  upon  the 
Mount  of  Olives,  which  is  before  Jerusalem,  on 
the  east,  and  the  mount  of  Olives  shall  cleave 
hi  the  midst  thereof  toward  the  East  and  to- 
ward the  west,  and  there  shall  be  a  very  great 
valley,  and  half  of  the  mountain  shall  re- 
move toward  the  north,  and  half  of  it  toward 
the  south.  And  ye  shall  flee  to  the  valley  of  the 
mountains." 


IN    PROPHECY.  117 

Our  Saviour  ascended  from  the  literal  Mount 
of  Olives,  and  he  shall  stand  on  that  mountain, 
or   government,   typified    by    the   literal  mount 
when  he  comes  to  reign.     The  Mount  of  Olives 
is  here  used  as  typical   of  the  first  dominion  of 
Israel  restored,  or  the  mountain  of  the  house  of 
the  Lord.     This  is,  as  we  have  seen,  the  United 
States.     When  he  thus  stands  on  the  mount,  it 
divides    assunder,  half    toward  the    north,  and 
half  of  it  toward  the  south.     And  the  complete- 
ness of  this  division    is  signified    by  the    great 
valley  that  intervenes,  and  by  the  fact  that  that 
valley  lies  now  between  two   mountains   which 
were   parts    of    the  same  mountain.     "And   ye 
shall  flee  to  the  valley  of  the  mountains,"  just  as 
the    border    States  have    done,  with  the    result 
shadowed  forth    in  the  figure  of  the  three  slain 
shepherds,    which    certainly  accords    with    the 
facts  as  they  now  exist. 

We  have  given  what  we  doubt  not  is  the  true 
exposition  of  the  text.  The  literal  xMount  of 
Olives  cannot  be  referred  to.  Is  it  necessary  to 
attempt  to  refute  the  supposition  of  Dr.  Clarke 
that  this  text  refers  to  the  lines  of  circumvalla- 
tion  drawn  by  Titus  in  the  seige  of  Jerusalem, 
represented  as  dividing  the  mount  in  twain,  and 
forming  a  great  valley  between  them?     That  in- 


118  THE   CONFEDERATE    STATES 

terpetation  was  given  because  no  other  could  then 
be  found.  The  transaction  is  the  cutting  of  the 
stone  out  of  the  mountain,  and  accordingly  sub- 
stantially the  same  things  are  said  to  follow  the 
event  here  described,  as  are  said  of  the  stone 
kingdom  in  Dan.  ii. 

We  have  noticed  only  some  of  the  main  points 
in  the  remarkable  prophecy  of  Zechariah,  re- 
specting the  division  of  the  modern  Israel  of 
God.  We  cannot  now  undertake  to  explain  all 
the  items  contained  in  these  chapters,  though 
we  believe  that  the  whole  connection  is  consist- 
ent with  the  exposition  we  have  given.  The 
prophecy  coincides  in  meaning,  as  we  doubt  not, 
with  numerous  other  predictions  of  the  momen- 
tous events  of  these  troublous  times. 

In  further  proof  of  the  division  of  Israel  in 
the  antitype,  we  refer  to  Ezek.  xxxiv.  12  :  "As 
a  shepherd  seeketh  out  his  flock  in  the  day  that 
he  is  among  his  sheep  that  ate  scattered,  so  will 
I  seek  out  my  sheep,  and  will  deliver  them  out 
of  all  places  where  they  have  been  scattered  in 
the  cloudy  and  dark  day,  and  I  will  bring  them 
out  from  the  people,  and  gather  them  from 
the  countries  and  will  bring  them  to  their 
own  land,  and  feed  them  upon  the  moun- 
tains of  Israel,  by  the  rivers,  and  in  all  the  in- 


IN    PROrHECY.  119 

habited  places  of  the  country.'^  Here  is  the 
restoration  of  Israel  iu  the  antitype.  There  fol- 
lows, however,  a  discrimination  and  judgment 
"  between  cattle  and  cattle,"  between  one  part  of 
the  flock  and  the  other.  The  one  is  called  the 
fat  cattle,  the  other  the  lean  cattle. 

God  expostulates  with  and  reproaches  the 
fat  ones,  thus  :  ^'  Seemeth  it  a  small  thing  unto 
you  to  have  eaten  up  the  good  pasture,  but  ye^ 
must  tread  down  with  your  feet  the  residue  of 
your  pastures,  and  to  have  drunk  of  the  deep 
waters,  but  ye  must  foul  the  residue  with  your 
feet.  And  as  for  my  flock,  they  eat  that  which 
ye  have  trodden  with  your  feet,  and  they  drink 
that  which  ye  have  fouled  with  your  feet."  Verses 
18,  19.  No  illustration  could  more  fully  express 
the  fact  that  the  great  Northern  States  have 
grown  fat  by  the  union,  while,  at  the  same  time, 
abusing  the  poorer  and  weaker  States  of  the 
South,  which  have,  to  a  large  extent,  sustained 
and  enriched  them.  Addressing  these  fat  and 
affSfressive  ones  in  favor  of  the  lean  ones,  it  is 
continued,  "  Behold  I,  even  I,  will  judge  be- 
tween the  fat  cattle  and  between  the  lean  cattle. 
Because  ye  have  thrust  with  side  and  with 
shoulder,  and  pushed  all  the  diseased  with  your 
horns,  till  ye  have  scattered  them  abroad,  there- 


120  THK    CONFF.nF.RATE    STATKS 


« 


fore  will  I  s«ive  my  flock,  and  they  shall  be  no 
more  a  prey,  and  I  will  jiuliic  between  cattle 
and  cattle.  And  I  will  set  up  one  shepherd 
over  them,  even  my  servant  David  :  ho  shall  feed 
them  and  he  shall  be  their  shepherd,  and  I  the 
Lord  will  be  their  God,  and  my  servant  David  a 
prince  among  them. 

Here  we  have  Israel  restored  in  the  glorious 
antit^'pe,  and  a  discrimination  made  between  the 
fat  cattle  and  the  lean  cattle.  And  while  in  this 
solemn  judgment  of  the  flock  the  former  are 
cast  off,  the  latter  are  saved  as  a  remnant,  and 
David  in  the  antitype,  or  the  Saviour,  is  set  over, 
them.  A  covenant  of  peace  is  estiiblished  with 
them,  and  they  arc  to  be  delivered  from  all 
^' evil  beasts,"  or  oppressors.  It  is  promi.«:ed 
that  they  shall  be  a  blessing,  and  that  there  shall 
be  showers  of  blessing — that  the  tree,  af  the 
field  shall  yield  her  fruit,  and  the  earth  shall 
yield  her  increase.  These  and  many  other 
blessings  are  promised  in  the  connection  under 
consideration.  A  scene  of  peace  and  happiness 
and  glory  follows  the  division  of  the.  flock,  and 
in  connection  with  the  remnant  that  is  saved 
similar  to  that  described  of  the  stone,  and  the 
one  like  the  son  of  man.      In  the  one  as  in  the 


IN    PROrilECY.  121 

others,  we  have  the  kingdom  in  which  the 
Saviour  rules. 

Of  the  same  import  with  the  passages  we  have 
noticed  is  that  contained  in  Isaiah  Ixv.  11--14: 
"But  ye  are  they  that  forsake  the  Lord,  that  for- 
get my  holy  mountain,  that  prepare  a  table  for 
that  troop,  and  furnish  the  drink-offering  unto 
that  number.  Therefore  will  I  number  you  to 
the  sword,  and  ye  shall  all  bow  down  to  the 
slaughter  :  because  when  I  called,  ye  did  not  an- 
swer; when  I  spake,  ye  did  not  hear;  but  did 
evil  before  mine  eyes^  and  did  choose  that  where- 
in I  delighted  not.  Therefore  saith  the  Lord 
God,  Behold,  my  servants  shall  eat,  but  ye  shall 
be  hungry  :  behold,  my  servants  shall  drink,  but 
ye  shall  be  thirsty:  behold,  my  servants  shall  re- 
joice, but  ye  shall  be  ashamed:  behold,  my  ser- 
vants shall  sing  for  joy  of  heart,  but  ye  shall  cry 
for  sorrow  of  heart,- and  shall  howl  for  vexation 
of  spirit.  And  ye  shall  leave  your  name  for  a 
curse  unto  my  chosen  :  for  the  Lord  God  shall 
slay  thee,  and  call  his  servants  by  another  nanie." 

That  ihose  addressed  here  had  belonged  to  the 
Israel  of  God,  is  plain  from  the  fact  that  they 
are  rebuked  for  forgetting  him,  and  forsaking  his 
holy  mountain.  That  they  had  been  called  by 
the  same   name  with  the  "servants"  mentioned, 


122  THE   CONFEDERATE    STATES 

IS  plain  from  the  fact  that  these  latter  are  noxr 
to  be  culled  by  another  name.  The  scene  is  laid, 
as  the  connection  shows,  in  common  with  most 
of  the  prophecies  of  Isaiah,  in  the  latter  times. 
And  here  is  the  vision  of  the  restored  Israel,  fol- 
lowed by  a  scene  of  glory  that  we  have  found 
elsewhere.  Here  is  presented  a  striking  contrast 
between  those  rebuked  and  cast  off,  represented 
by  Ezekiel  as  the  fat  cattle,  and  those  styled  the 
Lord's  servants  or  chosen,  over  whom  he  will 
reiirn.  That  contrast  between  the  old  nationality 
and  the  new  has  already  commenced,  and  it  will 
undoubtedly  widen  with  the  flight  of  months  and 
years. 

Those  cast  off  are  specially  reproached,  as  pre- 
paring *'a  table  for  that  troop,"  and  as  furnish- 
inji:  "the  drink  offering  for  that  number."  The 
troop  is  the  great  coercion  army  attempting  the 
subjugation  of  the  States  of  the  South,  which  as 
being  sustained  at  enormous  expense,  renders 
mention  of  the  preparing  of  a  table  for  it  the 
more  impressive. 

A  note  in  Bagster's  Bible  says,  that  '^an  in- 
finite number  of  dissertations"  have  been  written 
on  "that  number,"  {meiii,)  mentioned  here  as  an 
object  of  idolatrous  regard  ;  and  after  stating 
the  utter  f  ruitlessncss  of  all  inquiry  on  the  sub- 


IN   PROPHECY.  123 

ject,  significantly  asks  among  other  questions,  Is 
it  a  number  of  stars  here  meant?  We  answer, 
It  is  we  believe,  the  number  of  thirty  four  stars 
emblazoned  on  the  American  flag,  and  to  which 
extraordinary  honors  have  been  paid.  A  divine 
of  the  North,  recently  said  in  a  grave  religious 
convention,  ^'  We  almost  worship  the  flag."  This 
witness  is  true.  It  has  been  suspended  across 
the  streets  of  towns  and  cities — has  floated  from 
the  tops  of  private  houses  and  public  buildings, 
and  even  the  temples  of  religious  worship.  It 
has  been,  it  is  said,  in  some  instances — few  we 
trust — even  spread  upon  the  communion  table. 
The  '^  drink-off"ering  of  blood,"  to  use  the  language 
of  the  Psalmist,  has  been  poured  out  in  its  honor. 
How  many  have  perished  in  sustaining  that  flag, 
even  as  the  symbol  of  oppression  and  fratricidal 
war ! 

The  Ancient  of  days  is  employed  by  the  Al- 
mighty in  judging  European  despotism,  and  par- 
ticularly the  Papal  power.  The  sitting  of  this 
judgment  is,  as  we  have  seen,  according  to  some 
writers,  taken  from  the  grand  sanhedrim,  with 
its  president,  representing  the  Federal  Govern- 
ment, and  the  consistory  sitting  around,  all  united 
in  the  deliberation  and  sentence  of  judgment. 
At  the  close  of  the  probationary  period  mvolvcd 


124  THE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 

in  "the  first  dorainion"  of  Israel  restored,  the 
tribes  themselves  are  judued,  as  to  their  covenant 
of  loyalty  to  God  and  his  word,  and  of  equality 
kindness,  and  justice,  among  themselves.  Those 
tribes  that  forsake  God  and  forget  his  holy  moun- 
tain, are  as  seen  in  the  quotation  from  Isaiah,  al- 
ready examined,  cast  off.  The  other  tribes  as  a 
remnant,  retain  the  covenant  blessings  of  God's 
peculiar  people,  and  inherit  the  final  glorious 
kingdom.  Among  the  reasons  for  this  casting 
off,  are  their  forsaking  God — substituting  opinion 
and  sentiment  for  Divine  authority;  and  the 
coercion  war,  it  would  seem,  seals  the  sentence 
of  exclusion  from  tlie  heritage  of  God.  They 
are  specially  reproached  with  the  feeding  of  that 
troop,  and  thus  making  war  upon  their  sister 
States.  Cast  off,  they  go  into  captivity  to  the 
old  monarchical  principle.  Endeavoring  to  sub- 
jugate others,  they  are  subjugated  themselves. 
And  their  central  government,  built  upon  the 
destruction  of  the  rights  of  States,  becomes  in- 
deed, in  part  at  least,  the  reorganized  Roman 
empire.  Thus  in  the  king's  vision,  it  is  to  be  in- 
terred that  the  stone  is  cut  out  of  the  mountain, 
because  of  a  change  in  the  character  of  the 
mountain.  And  we  think  that  it  will  be  found 
U)  be  tnio,  that  in  every  other  prophetic  vision  in 


IN   PROPHECY.  125 

which  the  Roman  empire  is  found,  its  final  ex- 
ploit is  the  conquest  of  the  holy  land  in  the  anti- 
type, or  the  destruction  of  the  '*  mighty  and  holy 
people."  But  we  cannot,  however,  discuss  the 
subject  in  this  connection. 

"  I  saw  in  the  night  visions,  and,  behold,  o7i(^ 
like  the  Son  of  man  came  with  the  clouds  of 
heaven,  and  came  to  the  Ancient  of  days,  and 
they  brought  him  near  before  him.''  Dan.  vii.  13. 

The  one  like  the  Son  of  man  is  certainly  the 
stone  cut  out  of  the  mountain.  It  is  the  oppo- 
site of  the  beasts  preceding  it,  and  is  the  high- 
est ideal  of  free  government,  in  spirit  and  in 
form.  It  is  a  glorious,  powerful,  christian  re- 
public. It  is  also  like  the  mountain,  or  Ancient 
of  days — a  federal  republic.  This  is  as  certainly 
true  of  the  stone,  as  of  the  mountain  out  of 
which  it  is  taken.  If  the  mountain  be  composed 
of  States,  the  stone,  which  is  part  of  it,  must  be 
composed  of  some  of  these  States.  Thus,  in 
Daniel's  vision,  the  one  like  the  Son  of  man 
comes  to  the  Ancient  of  days  to  signify  tiiat,  in 
spirit,  he  agrees  with  him,  receives  the  kingdom 
from  him,  and  is  really  the  Ancient  of  days,  or 
Israel  finally  restored  in  the  antitype. 

"And  f/u^i/  brought  him  before  him,"  i.  e.,  be- 
fore   the  Ancient  of  days.     The   term  "  tl^ey" 


126  THE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 

acrrees,  in  sense,  with  the  saints  of  the  Most  Hiirh, 
mentioned  in  verse  18.  "  But  the  saints  of  the 
Most  Hijj:h  shall  take  the  kingdom,  and  possess  the 
kingdom  for  ever,  even  for  ever  and  ever."  It 
will  be  observed  that  the  same  preeminent,  uni- 
versal, and  everlasting  dominion  attributed  to 
the  one  like  the  Son  of  man  is,  in  verse  18,  as- 
cribed to  the  saints  of  the  Most  High.  These 
saints  are,  according  to  Dr.  Clarke,  supreme,  holy 
ones;  or,  as  Bishop  Newton  styles  them,  holy 
ones. 

These  supreme  saints  can  hardly  be  consid- 
ered in  their  personal  character  as  taking  the 
kingdom,  or  as  bringing  the  one  like  the  Son  of 
man  before  the  Ancient  of  days.  If  individual 
saints  be  meant  in  the  word  kiuhUsJtai  here 
used,  their  governmental  action  must  be  had  in 
organized  form.  But  a  man  is  often  used  as  a 
symbol  of  government.  Thus,  the  four  success- 
ive monarchies  are  together  embodied  in  the 
image  of  a  man,  The  ancient  people  of  God 
were  called  Israel,  the  name  of  their  father. 
The  tribe  of  Judah  is  called  Judah ;  and  in  the 
Revelation,  the  men  who  worship  the  beast  and 
his  image  are,  as  we  believe,  not  individual  men, 
but  states,  or  governments.  A  saint,  as  a  symbol 
of  government,  ^ould  represent  a  very  mild,  un- 


IN   PROPHECY.  127 

oppressive  christian  rule.  If,  then,  the  word  rep- 
resents them  individually,  they  must  be  embod- 
ied, in  order  to  take  the  kingdom.  And  if  the 
term  samts^  or  holy  oneSy  be  used  in  a  symbolic 
sense,  as  signifying  governments,  the  same  is 
true.  These  saints,  as  a  portion  of  Israel  re- 
stored, are  the  "  remnant"  tribes  spoken  of  else- 
where. Thus,  in  ancient  times,  Israel  acted  by 
tribes.  It  is  predicted  of  the  restoration  in 
christian  times,  "  Thou  shall  be  gathered  one  hy 
one,  0  !  Israel."  Thus,  cooperation  of  the 
States  utterly  failed,  in  both  the  first  and  second 
secessions ;  and  every  State,  or  tribe,  acted  in 
accordance  with  the  prophecy,  by  and  for  itself. 
Thus,  too,  in  the  judgment  of  the  tribes,  when, 
as  in  Ezekiel,  God  is  represented  as  judging  be- 
tween one  part  of  the  flock  and  the  other,  they 
must  stand  alone,  just  as  in  the  final  personal 
judgment,  every  one  of  us  must  give'account  of 
himself  unto  God.  It  would  be  entirely  absurd 
to  understand  the  prophecy  literally,  that  the 
Jews  will  be  gathered,  one  by  one,  individually, 
to  their  land.  Those  coming,  one  by  one,  are 
the  tribes,  or  States,  in  the  final  restoration.  The 
tribes  acting  one  by  one  form  a  central  govern- 
ment. The  one  like  the  Son  of  man,  is  thus 
many  in  one — a  king  with  many  crowns — a  glo- 


128  THE   CONFEDERATE   STATES 

rious  federative  republic.  The  one  like  the  Son 
of  man  is  brought  near  before  the  Ancient.  He 
is  thus  seen  as  agreeing- with  him  in  spirit.  Era- 
bodying  now  the  whole  spirit  of  Israel  restored, 
he  succeeds  to  the  entire  inheritance,  and  re- 
ceives the  supreme  dominion.  The  Ancient,  as 
synchronizing  with  the  mountain,  the  daughter 
of  Zion,  or  Israel  restored,  receives  the  "  first 
dominion,"  or  embodiment  of  the  kingdom  ta- 
ken from  the  Jews,  as  the  type.  The  one  like 
the  Son  of  man,  agreeing  with  the  stone  cut  out 
of  the  mountain,  the  man  child  of  the  daughter 
of  Zion,  the  remnant,  after  the  division  of  Israel, 
receives  "dominion,  and  glory,  and  a  kingdom, 
that  all  people,  nations,  and  languages,  should 
serve  him.  His  dominion  is  an  everlasting  do- 
minion, which  shall  not  pass  away,  and  his  king- 
dom that  which  shall  not  be  destroyed."  Dan. 
vii.  14. 

As  in  the  representations  of  Israel  restored, 
we  generally  have  the  ideas  of  the  state  and  of 
the  church,  so  in  this  final  symbol.  The  one 
like  the  Son  of  man  is  the  civil  department  of 
the  final  Israel;  the  clouds  of  heaven,  with 
which  he  comes,  represent  the  ecclesiastical  de- 
partment. The  term  clouds,  as  being  plural, 
signifies  division  in  this  latter  department,  and 


IN   PROPHJICY.  129 

represents  the  churches  existing  in  the  final  gov-  * 
ernment  at  the  time  of  its  rise.     Thus,  our'^Sa- 
viour  comes  ^^  sitting  on  the  right  hand  of  power, 
with  the  clouds  of  heaven.''     The  "  clouds  of 
heaven''  are  the  churches,  the  power,  the  civil 
government,  and  the  Saviour  sits  on  the  right 
hand  of  this  power,  as  "the  spirit  of  judgment    i 
unto   him   that    sitteth    in  judgment,  and    the    ' 
spirit  of  strength  unto  them  that  turn  the  battle 
to  the  gates." 

What  is  the  time  of  the  rise  of  the  final  king- 
dom ?     In   the  prophecies  of  Micah,  which  w^e 
have  referred  to,  the  man  child  of  the  daughter 
of  Zion,  or  the  restored    Israel,  is  born,  when 
she  has  passed  under  the  control  of  the  Babylo- 
nish spirit.     In  the  passage  from  Ezekiel,  the 
remnant  of  the    flock  is  saved,  when  the  judg- 
ment of  the  flock  ^^  between  the  fat  cattle  and 
the  lean  cattle"   takes   place.     Accordingly,  in 
the  vision  of  the  Ancient  of  days,  the  judgment 
sits,   and  the   books  are  opened.     One  of   the 
books  is  the  book  of  life  for  the  tribes  them- 
selves.    Thus,  in  Isaiah,  at  the  time  of  the  ta- 
king hold  of  one  man  by  seven  women,  when 
the  branch  of  the  Lord  shall  be  glorious,  it  is 
said  that  ^'  he  that  is  left  in  Zion,  and  he  that  re- 
maineth  in  Jerusalem,  shall  be  called  holy,  even 


180  THE    CONFEDERATE   STATES 

every  one  that  is  written  among  the  liviny  in  Je- 
rusalem,"— the  living  tribes,  when  the  others  die, 
as  to  the  covenant  of  Israel.  Thus  the  angel  said 
to  Daniel,  in  reference  to  the  time  ot  trouble, 
which  has  now  commenced,  that ''  thy  people  shall 
be  delivered,  even  every  one  that  shall  be  found 
written  in  the  book.''  Thus,  there  is  a  book  of 
life  for  the  final  Israel,  in  the  great  national 
judgment,  just  as  there  is  to  be  in  the  final  per- 
sonal judgment.  At  this  judgment,  some  of 
the  tribes,  or  States,  are  cast  ofi",  and  others  re- 
served in  the  final  kingdom.  This  is  the  scat- 
tering of  the  power  of  the  holy  people,  spoken 
of  in  Daniel  xii.  7  :  "  It  shall  be  for  a  time, 
times,  and  a  half;  and  when  he  shall  have  accom- 
plished to  scatter  the  power  of  the  holy  people, 
all  these  things  shall  be  finished." 

It  is  also  stated,  Dan.  vii.  25,  26,  that  they,  the 
saints,  "  shall  be  given  into  his  hand,"  (that  of  the 
little  horn)  "  until  a  time  and  times  and  the  divi- 
ding of  time.  But  the  judgment  shall  sit,  and 
they  shall  take  away  his  dominion  to  consume  and 
to  destroy  it  unto  the  end."  Now  the  end,  in  the 
latter  verse,  is  the  time. when  the  mystery  is  fin- 
ished. Thus  the  scattering  of  the  power  of  the 
holy  people,  and  the  destruction  of  the  little 
horn,  agree  as  to  time.     Now,  the  judgment  be- 


IN   PROPHECY.  131 

gins,  as  to  the  little  horn,  when  the  Ancient 
comes,  and  his  destruction  progresses  to  the  end. 
See  verses  21,  22,  25,  26.  The  event,  as  to  the 
holy  people,  let  it  be  noted,  is  not  the  gather- 
ing, but  the  scattering  of  their  power.  It  is  not 
the  restoration  of  Israel,  but  the  division  of  Is- 
rael. "When  he  shall  have  accomplished  to 
scatter  the  power  of  the  holy  people,  all  these 
things  shall  be  finished."  As  when  Israel  is* 
thus  divided,  the  remnant  of  the  tribes  that 
remain  among  the  living,  constitute,  as  we  have 
seen,  the  final  kingdom,  it  follows  that  the  rise 
of  that  kingdom  is  at  the  "end.''  Thus  the 
three  events  agree  in  time  :  the  destruction  of  the 
little  horn,  the  scattering  of  the  power  of  the 
holy  people,  and  the  rise  of  the  final  king- 
dom. All  these  occur  too,  at  the  close  of  the 
great  prophetic  periods. 

According  to  the  understanding  of  many  in- 
terpreters of  prophecy,  these  prophetic  periods 
cannot  be  far  from  their  close.  Within  the  past 
few  months  the  three  events  have  transpired 
which  mark  the  end.  The  power  of  the  little 
horn  has  been  broken  in  the  absorption  of  the 
States  of  the  Church  in  the  united  kingdom  of 
Italy.     "  The  power  of  the  holy  people,''  called 


132  THE   CONFEDERATE   STATES 

in  chap.  viii.  24,  "  the  mighty  and  the  holy  peo- 
ple," has  been  scattered,  and  the  one  like  the 
Son  of  man  has  appeared  in  the  rise  of  the  Con- 
federate States  of  America. 


i 


IN   PROPHECY.  133 


THE    CONCLUSION. 


Philosophy  of  our  theory — The  book  of  Revelation — 
The  time  of  trouble — Convulsions  in  Europe — Fall 
of  the  United  States — The  present  war — Five  months 
— Our  national  fast — Battle  of  Manassas — Breaking 
the  blockade — National  resurrection — The  millen- 
nium— The  final  judgment — Heaven. 

The  great  moral  fact  which  underlies  the  the- 
ory we  advocate  in  this  work  is,  that  as  Satan 
has  been  the  god  of  this  world,  the  prince  of  the 
power  of  the  air,  the  controlling  spirit  in  human 
government,  he  is  to  be  conquered  on  that  field, 
as  well  as  on  every  other,  by  the  Divine  Re- 
deemer. Our  Saviour  had  reference,  as  we 
believe,  to  this  victory,  when  he  rejoiced  in 
spirit  on  seeing  Satan  fall  as  lightning  from 
heaven.  When  this  grand  aohievement  is  made, 
the  prophetic  vision  is  unsealed.  The  scene 
which  introduces  the  national,  or  political  proph- 
ecies of  the  book  of  Revelation  is,  we  believe, 
simply  a  duplicate,  under  different  symbols,  of 
the  Ancient  of  days,  and  the  one  like  the  Son 


134  tut:   confederate    states 

of  man.  The  latter  is  here  presented  as  the 
Lamb  having  seven  horns  and  seven  eyes,  or  the 
Saviour  revealed  in  civil  government.  That  is 
the  government  under  which  we  live.  The  time 
of  trouble,  spoken  of  by  Daniel  the  prophet, 
has,  we  believe,  come,  when  every  one,  i.  e., 
every  tribe  of  our  Israel,  written  in  the  book, 
shall  be  delivered,  and  included  in  the  final  king- 
dom. There  is,  and  will  be,  a  mighty  shaking 
of  the  heaven  and  the  earth.  The  conflict  will 
go  on  until,  in  Europe  and  America,  despotism 
is  eflfectually  diminished,  or  overthrown,  and 
oppressed  nationalities  shall  be  liberated  from 
their  thraldom.  We  would  not  speak  with  the 
confidence  of  a  prophet ;  but  if  we  have  ascer- 
tained our  present  stand-point,  we  think  it  not 
irrational  that  some  indications  should  be  fur- 
nished, as  to  the  general  events  of  the  future. 
We  can  but  believe  that  very  soon  terrible  con- 
vulsions will  occur  in  Europe,  in  which  despo- 
tism, though  it  may  be  at  first  triumphant,  will 
be  defeated,  in  the  deliverance  of  nations  now 
oppressed. 

The  time  of  trouble  will,  we  believe,  continue 
in  the  New  World,  until  the  rising  despotism  of 
the  North  shall  be  broken  in  pieces,  and  the 
slain  shepherds,  or  border  States^  shall  live  again. 


IN   PROPHECY.  135 

We  understand  this  to  be  meant  by  the  division 
of  ^'  the  great  city"  into  '^  three  parts,"  (Rev. 
xvi.  19,)  though  we  cannot  now  give  the  reasons 
for  that  opinion.  How  long  it  will  be  before 
this  shall  occur,  we  cannot  tell.  From  intima- 
tions which  we  have,  as  we  think,  gathered  in 
the  prophecies,  it  will  occur  in  a  very  few  years. 
The  Confederate  States  will  take  part  in  the  con- 
flict which  will  overthrow  that  government.  We 
cannot  believe,  however,  that  actual  war  will  exist 
during  all  the  intervening  time.  The  present  war 
is,  as  we  doubt  not,  alluded  to  in  many  of  the 
prophecies,  especially  in  Joel  ii.,  and  in  the  fifth 
trumpet.  Rev.  ix.  The  im.agery  employed  is,  in 
both  cases,  the  same,  and  in  both  is  noted  the 
reflex  influence  of  the  war,  and  those  engaged  in 
pushing  it  forward.  We  understand  the  "tor- 
ment,'' which  "  was  as  the  torment  of  a  scorpion 
when  it  stingeth  a  man,"  as  describing  the 
furious,  unparalleled  war  spirit  which  has  pre- 
vailed in  the  Northern  States.  This  is  said  to 
continue  five  months. 

We  understand  the  book  of  Revelation,  as 
the  prophecies  generally,  to  have  an  accommo- 
dated meaning,  and  a  full,  final  application.  The 
prophetic  periods  have  also  a  symbolic,  and 
finally,  a  literal    meaning.     And    we  think  we 


136  THE    CONFEDERATE    STATES 

have  found  events  corresponding  to  the  literal 
periods.  The  period  given  may,  however,  accord 
with  a  different  reckoning  of  time  from  ours,  or 
may  embrace  a  more  general  length  of  time  than 
that  indicated.  This  idea  of  general,  rather 
than  specific  periods,  is  entertained  by  some 
writers  on  prophecy. 

Five  months,  as  indicating  the  continuance  of 
the  war  spirit  in  the  North,  would  literally  em- 
brace the  period  intervening  between  the  middle 
of  April  and  the  middle  of  September.  About 
the  latter  period,  it  was  found  so  difficult  to 
procure  soldiers  for  the  Northern  armies,  that 
the  system  of  drafting  was  urged  as  a  matter  of 
necessity.  The  policy  seemed  to  be  generally 
advocated  by  the  war  journals  of  the  North,  of 
attacking  the  Atlantic  and  Gulf  States  by  sea, 
while  maintaining  a  defensive  position  on  land, 
as  the  only  hope  of  success  in  the  war.  On  the 
26th  of  September  was  published  in  Richmond, 
and  on  yesterday,  29th,  in  Nashville,  this  intelli- 
gence :  <<  The  war  feeling  in  the  North  seems  to 
have  generally  subsided."  If  this  be  true,  and 
we  believe  it  is,  the  fact  may  have  an  important 
bearing  on  the  future  of  the  war. 

It  would  not  necessarily  follow,  from  this  effect- 
ual waning  of  the  war  spirit,  preparatory  to  its 


IN   PROPHECY.  137 

final  extinction,  that  the  actual  fighting  would 
immediately  cease.  It  may  be  five  months,  or 
even  more,  from  the  time  that  actual  hostilities 
commenced,  after  the  mighty  uprising  of  the 
North,  just  alluded  to,  and  their  actual  cessa- 
tion. The  war  is  a  "  blast  of  the  terrible  ones 
against  the  wall/'  which  wall  is  not,  however, 
unshaken.  It  is  promised,  in  application,  as  we 
believe,  to  this  very  case,  that  the  Lord  will  go 
with  the  whirlwinds  of  the  South,  as  he  mani- 
festly has  done,  and  will  do,  to  the  end. 

The  exhortation  in  Joel,  on  the  occurrence  of 
this  war  is,  that  we  should  "  blow  the  trumpet 
in  Zion,  sanctify  a  fast,  call  a  solemn  assembly.'' 
The  fast  was  proclaimed,  and  proved  to  be  the 
most  solemn  and  universally  observed  one  of 
modern  times.  Throughout  all  these  States, 
men  in  the  church  and  out  of  it,  religious  and 
irreligious,  forsook  their  secular  employments  to 
mingle  in  the  solemn  public  worship  of  Almighty 
God.  That  day  is  referred  to,  as  we  believe,  in 
Zech.  iii.  9  :  "  For  behold  the  stone  that  I  have 
laid  before  Joshua ;  upon  one  stone  shall  be 
seven  eyes :  behold,  I  will  engrave  the  graving 
thereof,  saith  the  Lord  of  hosts,  and  I  will 
remove  the  iniquity  of  that  land  in  one  day." 

That  the  stone  is  an  emblem  of  a  nationality 


138  THE   CONFEDERATE    STATES 

is  plain,  from  the  mention  of  "  that  land."  The 
seven  eyes  are  in  allusion  to  the  seven  original 
States,  so  often  mentioned  in  these  prophecies. 
The  removal,  not  of  individual,  but  of  national 
sins,  is  promised  :  "  I  will  remove  the  iniquity 
of  that  land."  This  is  to  be  done  on  a  certain 
day,  surely ;  a  day  of  national  humiliation  and 
prayer.  The  verse  was  read  on  our  national  fast 
day,  June  13th,  and  applied  to  that  day.  We 
still  believe  that  the  application  was  just.  Does 
not  the  bestowment  upon  us  of  so  many  national 
blessin^jcs  indicate  this  removal  of  national 
iniquity  ? 

The  result  is  further  stated  in  Joel  ii.  18  : 
"  Then  will  the  Lord  be  jealous  for  his  land,  and 
pity  his  people.  Yea,  the  Lord  will  answer  and 
say  unto  his  people.  Behold,  I  will  send  you 
corn,  and  wine,  and  oil,  and  ye  shall  be  satisfied 
therewith  :  and  I  will  no  more  make  you  a  re- 
proach among  the  heathen."  Has  not  the  Lord 
pitied  us  ?  lias  he  not  filled  our  land  with 
plenty  ?  Have  we  not  heretofore  been  the 
reproach  of  the  heathen,  or  as  Ezekiel  expressed 
it,  "  taken  up  in  the  lips  of  talkers"  ?  The  term 
heathen  is  used,  as  we  think,  in  many  places,  of 
the  tribes  or  States  of  Israel  rejected. 

"But  I  will  remove    far  off   from   you   the 


IN  PROPHECY.  139 

Northern  army,  and  will  drive  him  into  a  land 
barren  and  desolate,  with  his  face  toward  the 
east  sea,  and  his  hinder  part  toward  the  utmost 
sea,  and  his  stink  shall  come  up,  and  his  ill  savour 
shall  come  up,  because  he  hath  done  (or  as  the 
margin  reads,  magnified  to  do)  great  things/' 

When  did  an  army  "  magnify  to  do''  such 
" great  thiugs"  as  did  the  Northern  army?  Is 
the  fact  that  so  many  bodies  were  left  unburied 
on  the  various  battle-fields  of  the  present  strug- 
gle, loading  the  atmosphere  with  pestilential 
stench,  no  illustration  of  this  passage  ?  The 
desolate  state  of  the  land  is  explained  by  the 
phrase  used  by  Isaiah  :  "  There  shall  be  a  great 
forsaking  in  the  midst  of  the  land." 

If  the  theory  we  advocate  be  correct,  then 
there  is  a  general  opening  of  the  prophetic 
vision  at  the  rise  of  the  final  kingdom.  The 
Lamb  with  the  seven  horns  opens  the  seals  which, 
as  is  stated  in  Dan.  viii.  26;  xii.  4, 9,  could  not  be 
opened  till  the  time  of  the  end,  or  the  expiration 
of  the  prophetic  periods.  If  this  be  so,  then 
the  prophecies  generally  are  more  applicable  to 
these  and  succeeding  times,  than  to  those  in  which 
they  were  written. 

The  glorious  Psalms  too,  many  of  which  are 
allowed   on  all  hands  to  be  prophetic,  contain 


140  THE    CONFEDERATE  STATES 

very  much  that  is  more  fully  applicable  to  the 
final  Zion  of  God,  than  to  the  literal  old  type. 
Take  for  example  the  48th  Psalm.  Was  this 
exclusively,  or  even  mainly,  applicable  to  the 
literal  Jerusalem?  Of  this  it  was  predicted  that 
it  should  be  "  ploughed  as  a  field,"  and  ''  become 
heaps."  See  Mich.  iii.  12.  Of  the  one  in  this 
Paslm  it  is  said,  <<  God  will  cstabli.sh  it  for  ever." 
This  is  just  what  is  stated  as  to  the  perpetuity 
of  the  stone  kingdom  as  the  final  Zion. 

We  invite  attention  to  verses  3,  6.  This  pas- 
sage was  read  on  the  13th  day  of  June  last,  and 
the  opinion  was  then  expressed  that  it  would  be 
fulfilled  during  the  session  of  the  Northern  Con- 
gress, to  assemble  on  the  fourth  of  the  succeed- 
ing month.  How  was  it  fulfilled,  ^'  For,  lo,  the 
kings  "  (or  rulers,  or  lawgivers,  see  Psa.  ii.  2,) 
"  were  assembled,  they  passed  by  together,"  or 
went  beyond  the  place  of  their  assembling. 
^'  They  saw  it,  and  so  they  marvelled," — they  saw 
something  for  which  they  were  not  prepared, 
expecting  victory  but  witnessing  overwhelmning 
defeat.  '<  They  were  troubled  and  hasted  away. 
Fear  took  hold  upon  them  there'' — i.  e.,  at  the 
place  to  which  they  went  when  they  passed 
by  together — *'and  pain  as  of  a  woman  in  travail  " 
— extreme  terror  and  dread  producing  intense  de- 


IN   PROPHECY.  141 

sire  to  hasten  away.  We  believe  this  to  be  the 
terrible  route  of  Manassas  Plains,  which  was  the 
more  memorable  as  it  included  so  many  of  the 
rulers  and  chief  men  of  the  North.  Thus,  in 
almost  all  the  descriptions  of  that  terrible  scene, 
you  have  the  flight  of  these  same  Congressman 
alluded  to,  together  with  their  great  anxiety 
to  hasten  away. 

"  Thou  breakest  the  ships  of  Tarshish''  (which 
name  may  be  appropriately  used  of  any  naval 
power)  "with  an  east  wind/'  This  we  believed 
then,  and  believe  now,  to  have  reference  to  the 
breaking  of  our  blockade  by  a  power  or  influence 
from  the  east,  as  of  England  and  France.  When 
this  war  shall  have  become  history,  we  believe 
that  the  two  decisive  points  in  it  will  be,  the  bat- 
tle of  Manassas  Plains  and  the  breaking  of  the 
blockade.  The  great  battle  of  the  struggle  has 
been  fought,  and  the  other  decisive  event  will 
occur  in  due  time. 

"As  we  have  heard,  so  have  we  seen  in  the  city 
of  the  Lord  of  hosts,  in  the  city  of  our  God.'' 
Just  as  we  have  heard  and  read  of  God's  deal- 
ings with  his  ancient  Zion,  so  have  we  seen  in  its 
final  antitype.  Such  are  precisely  the  reflec- 
tions and  expressions  of  very  many  of  our  peo- 
ple now.     There  arc  comparatively  few  intclli- 


142  THE   CONFEDERATE   STATES 

gent  and  thoughtful  men  ,in  the  Confederate 
States,  who  do  not  acknowledge  the  hand  of 
God  in  the  battles  that  have  been  fought,  and 
especially  in  that  of  Manassas  Plains.  And 
when  the  blockade  shall  have  been  broken  by  a 
ppwer  from  the  east,  and  the  war  terminated,  as 
we  believe  it  will  be,  without  the  sorrows  of  a 
terrible  political  redemption,  the  impression  as  to 
Divine  interposition  will  be  deeper  and  more  all- 
pervading.  And  whether  we  entertain  any 
special  views  as  to  the  destiny  of  the  new  nation- 
ality or  not,  we  should,  as  a  people,  gratefully  ac- 
knowledge the  hand  of  God  and  devote  ourselves 
to  his  service.  "The  Lord  hath  done  great 
things  for  us,  whereof  we  are  glad." 

When  this  time  of  trouble  shall  result  in  the 
downfall  of  overshadowing  despotisms,  and  the 
resurrection  of  oppressed  States  and  nationalities, 
we  believe  that  the  chaining  of  Satan  as  the 
ruling  power  in  human  despotism,  in  connection 
with  the  diminution  of  his  power  over  mankind 
generally,  will  occur  when  civil  liberty  and  pure 
Christianity  will  go  abroad  over  the  earth.  Dur- 
ing the  whole  millennial  period  of  glorious 
Christian  triumph,  the  new  nationality,  as  the 
highest  ideal  of  human  government  and  as  under 
the  control  of  the  Saviour  of  the  world,  will  stand 


IN   PROPHECY.  143 

central  and  preeminent  among  the  nations  of  the 
earth.  The  King  with  many  crowns,  or  the 
Saviour  revealed  in  human  civil  government, 
will  rule  the  nations  with  a  *'rod  of  iron," 
which  signifies,  we  believe,  the  commerce  of  the 
world.  He  smites  the  nations  with  a  sword,  but 
one  that  "  proceeds  out  of  his  mouth" — the  doc- 
trine of  the  purest  civil  and  religious  liberty, 
preached  in  his  precepts  and  illustrated  by  his 
example. 

In  illustration  of  these  items,  we  have  the 
fact  that  the  new  nationality  contains,  or  sur- 
rounds the  fountain-head  of  human  commerce, 
and  that  it  possesses,  as  to  outline,  at  least,  the 
highest  ideal  of  human  government.  When  the 
thousand  years  of  the  peaceful  millennial  reign 
shall  be  over,  a  short  decisive  conflict  will  ensue 
— after  which  the  personal  resurrection  and  final 
judgment.  The  earth  will  be  renewed  by  fire: 
there  will  be  no  more  sea.  Then  the  stone  cut 
of  the  mountain  shall  become  a  great  mountain 
and  fill  the  whole  earth.  The  confederate 
'^  nations  of  them  that  are  saved  "  shall  dwell 
on  the  renewed  earth,  under  the  direct  reign  of 
God  for  ever.  There  shall  be  no  more  curse  nor 
*'  death, nor  sorrow,  nor  crying."  There  shall  be 
fullness  of  joy  and  pleasures  for  evermore. 


144  THE     CONFEDERATE     STATES 

We  solemnly  believe  that  the  great  prophetic 
periods  have  closed  :  the  mystery  is  finished  and 
the  vision  of  prophecy  is  unsealed.  The  final 
kingdom  has  arisen,  and  the  Divine  Redeemer 
has  come  to  reign.  "  Cry  out  thou  inhabitant  of 
Zion,  for  great  is  the  Holy  One  in  the  midst  of 
thee.'' 

THE     END.  . 


